Lucid dreams occur when a person is aware that he is dreaming while he is dreaming. In a representative sample of German adults (N = 919), 51% of the participants reported that they had experienced a lucid dream at least once. Lucid dream recall was significantly higher in women and negatively correlated with age. However, these effects might be explained by the frequency of dream recall, as...
The Portuguese writer Fernando Pessoa complicates the idea of fictionality, by underscoring the fact that the personality of Soares (the fictional author of The Book of Disquiet) is neither his own nor completely different, and showing how Pessoa was constrained by his own creations and creativity. This essay, "Fernando Pessoa's The Book of Disquiet. Imagination, Reality and the Pleasure of...
This is the first study to empirically investigate the heuristic model of dysphoric dreaming proposed by Levin and Nielsen (2007) . Participants indicated their incidence of nightmares (NMs) and bad dreams (BDs) over 21 days, and rated their subsequent distress in daily dream logs. Results support the contention that the 2 constructs identified in the model, affect load (AL) and affect distress...
Important sports events are highlights and stressful situations in every athlete's career. This stress might alter the dream content of athletes and consequently evoke disturbed dreaming. In this study, the authors asked 840 German athletes from various sports about distressing dreams on the nights before an important competition or game. About 15% of the athletes stated that they experienced...
STUDY OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether insomnia symptoms and nightmares are related to suicidal ideation independent of one another and independent of the symptoms of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). DESIGN: The study consisted of questionnaires examining insomnia symptoms and nightmares, and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and...
Contemporary psychologists investigate the dream’s role in memory. 1 Yet, our existential experience of the dream is one of forgetting— of being immersed in a reality that seems to stretch back in time to an origin beyond remembrance. At the next moment, we wake and the dream vanishes from the horizon of consciousness, sometimes completely but even when we retain it, our reports to a friend or...
Objective: The objective of this study was to clarify the prevalence of nightmares and sleep paralysis and associated factors among Japanese adolescents. Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional sampling survey. The targets were junior and senior high schools throughout Japan. Self-reported anonymous questionnaires were sent to schools for all students to complete. Results: A total...
Origin of night dream has been an enigma through whole history of human race. Descriptions in the Bible have shown that the ancients regarded dream experiences as a consequence of the supernatural power outside. Since the early twentieth century, progresses of psychology have proposed that night dream comes from the unconscious mind inside. Finally in 1953, Aserinsky and Kleiteman discovered...
This thesis deals with the electrophysiological correlates of sleep prior to dream recall and the age-related effects on dream processing. The dual NREM/REM sleep cycle and the circadian modulation of REM sleep sum to generate dream processing. However, little is known about the age-related effects on dream recall during both NREM and REM sleep, which comprises the first aim of this thesis. To...
Dreaming is still a mystery of human cognition, although it has been studied experimentally for more than a century. Experimental psychology first investigated dream content and frequency. The neuroscientific approach to dreaming arose at the end of the 1950s and soon proposed a physiological substrate of dreaming: rapid eye movement sleep. Fifty years later, this hypothesis was challenged...