Flow, a state of deep absorption in an activity, is linked to enhanced performance and well-being. Mindfulness, emphasizing present-moment awareness and acceptance, may promote flow. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the impact of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on flow state and trait in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Scopus,...
Loving-kindness meditation (LKM), a meditative practice directing caring feelings toward self and others, is a popular, evidence-base approach to increasing well-being. Music listening is also a popular form of emotion regulation used to enhance well-being. This interdisciplinary study evaluated a novel intervention called Convergence-combining LKM with accompanying classical guitar music-and...
Important sports events are highlights and stressful situations in every athlete's career. This stress might alter the dream content of athletes and consequently evoke disturbed dreaming. In this study, the authors asked 840 German athletes from various sports about distressing dreams on the nights before an important competition or game. About 15% of the athletes stated that they experienced...
The continuity hypothesis in its general form states that dreams reflect waking life: concerns, thoughts, and experiences (G. W. Domhoff, 1996; M. Schredl, 1999; I. Strauch & B. Meier, 1996). For example, athletes and sport students dream about sports more often than do psychology students, presumably reflecting their engagement in sport activities and sport theory (D. Erlacher & M. Schredl,...
The authors studied the self-rated effect of dreams on creativity in participants who were not selected for creative abilities. Students (N = 444) and online respondents (N = 636) answered a questionnaire about dreams and creative dreams. In addition, the students completed several personality measures and creativity scales. Results indicated that dreams that stimulated waking-life creativity...
M. A. Persinger (2002) claimed that transcranial magnetic stimulation with weak, complex magnetic fields evokes mystical experiences. However, in a double-blind experiment, P. Granqvist, M. Fredrikson, P. Unge, A. Hagenfeldt, S. Valind., et al. (2005) found no effects of field exposure on mystical experiences (N = 89), though a minority of participants reported spontaneous mystical experiences....
Although the variability of dream content is large, typical dream themes that occur quite often and are reported by many people can be identified (e.g., being chased, falling, flying, failing an examination, being unable to find a toilet or restroom). The present study is an investigation of the stability of the rank order of the dream themes and of gender differences in the content of dreams....
Dream reports were tape recorded each morning independently for 10 weeks by both members of an adult heterosexual couple who alleged they regularly shared dreams. The transcribed reports were evaluated blind by 12 trained analysts using quantitative dream-content analysis. The couple had identified 13 pairs of dreams (17% of the sample) as shared. The mean percentage content overlap score of...
This is a review of psychological approaches to out-of-body experiences (OBEs) since the 19th century. Some of the work discussed includes explanations of OBEs based on imaginal processes, telepathic hallucinations, and psychodynamic factors. Particularly important for their detail and empirical orientation are recent OBE theories of Blackmore, Irwin, and Palmer, and survey and experimental...
We investigated the nature of the relationship between experiences of transcendental consciousness and psychological health. In Study 1, three groups with different levels of experience in transcendental meditation (TM) and in the TM-Sidhi program (techniques that have been shown to produce experiences of transcendental consciousness) were studied, using the self-investigation method of Hermans...
In this study, the emotional and physical content of dreams was examined with post-sleep reports. In the first phase of the study, 45 students were asked to keep a dream diary for a week. The next week, the students were asked to look at a picture with positive, neutral, or negative affect in the evening before going to bed and then to record their dreams the following morning. Results showed...
Twenty-four college and 37 elderly women kept diaries for six weeks, at the end of which they voluntarily submitted them for analysis. The college women selected significantly more emotions for their dreams than did the elderly women. Enjoyment-joy accounted for a significantly higher proportion of emotions in dreams of elderly than in those of college women; but anger-rage and fear-terror...
The following hypotheses were investigated in a study of memory recall and an altered state of consciousness: (a) A direct relationship was expected between the magnitude of correct responses and task complexity. (b) Semantic context variation was expected to cause greater impairment in verbal processing than variation in syntactic constraints. (c) Under N2O fewer correct responses in verbal...
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"Certain species of snails are at least as sensitive to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) as are the Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens). Ambularia cuprina (Mystery Snail) responds to LSD-25 with a typical, persistent, disorganized movement of the gastropod. This movement persists many hours and markedly alters the behavior of the snail. D-1-bromlysergic acid diethylamide (BOL-148) does...
(1955). Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25): VI. Effect upon Recall and Recognition of Various Stimuli. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 39, No. 2, pp. 443-454.