Translational Psychiatry
April 25, 2018
Boris Guennewig, Maina Bitar, Ifeanyi Obiorah et al.
There is a strong association between cannabis use and schizophrenia but the underlying cellular links are poorly understood. Neurons derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) offer a platform for investigating both baseline and dynamic changes in human neural cells. Here, we exposed neurons derived from hiPSCs to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and identified diagnosis-specific...
Revista da Biologia
April 23, 2018
Carolina Quiñones Bueno
O conhecimento das alterações cognitivas decorrentes do consumo regular de cannabis é deficiente, em particular no que se refere a sua influência de ordem emocional. Neste estudo é revisado como o uso da cannabis pode levar a alterações neurológicas e perceptuais, em especial quanto ao reconhecimento de emoções e de situações ameaçadoras. São encontradas evidências de dessensibilização na...
International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy
April 19, 2018
G. S. Ram, C Murali Krishna, Darshan Kumar et al.
7 citations
Vijaya (Cannabis sativa Linn.) is associated with spiritual and medicinal aspect of Indian cultural heritage.Currently it is a controlled substance placed under Schedule-1 in the United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances due to its abusive & narcotic nature.Ayurveda, the science of life has details regarding Vijaya identification, cultivation techniques, collection method,...
International Journal of Drug Policy
April 9, 2018
Maziyar Ghiabi, Masoomeh Maarefvand, Hamed Bahari et al.
Iran is currently discussing cannabis and opium regulations, which could bring a legalisation of drug consumption through a state supervised system. The article engages with the question of cannabis by looking at the legal interpretation of religious authorities in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The choice of Iran is justified for several reasons: firstly, Iran has a long history of drug use and...
Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
April 2, 2018
Muhammad Waqas, Frederick S. Barrett, Nicolas J. Schlienz et al.
37 citations
Introduction: Cannabis has been historically classified as a hallucinogen. However, subjective cannabis effects do not typically include hallucinogen-like effects. Empirical reports of hallucinogen-like effects produced by cannabis in controlled settings, particularly among healthy research volunteers, are rare and have mostly occurred after administration of purified Δ-9 tetrahydrocannabinol...
Synapse
April 2018
Benjamin B Tournier, Andrea Dimiziani, Stergios Tsartsalis et al.
The Roman high (RHA)- and low (RLA)-avoidance rat sublines have been identified as an addiction-prone and addiction-resistant phenotype based on their high vs. low locomotor responsiveness to novelty and high vs. low ability to develop neurochemical and behavioral sensitization to psychostimulants, respectively. Most studies though have focused on psychostimulants and little is known about the...
Schizophrenia Bulletin
April 1, 2018
Jordi Soler García, Bárbara Arias, Jorge Moya et al.
Abstract Background The ZNF804A gene and cannabis use are risk factors for psychosis, both of which have also been associated with schizotypic traits. This study aimed to test whether ZNF804A (rs1344706) modulates the relation between cannabis use and schizotypy levels in a general population sample. Methods The sample consisted of 389 Spanish non-clinical subjects (43% males, mean...
Schizophrenia Bulletin
April 1, 2018
Caterina la Cascia, L. Ferraro, Fabio Seminerio et al.
Abstract Background Patients presenting to psychiatric services with their first episode of psychosis (FEP) report higher rates of previous cannabis use than the general population (Donoghue et al., 2011; Myles, Myles and Large, 2016). Evidence suggested that patients suffering from psychosis with a history of cannabis use have an earlier age of onset of psychosis (AOP) than those who never...
Schizophrenia Bulletin
April 1, 2018
Luccas Coutinho, Cinthia H Higuchi, Daniel A. Cavalcante et al.
Abstract Background Psychotic disorders induced by cannabis may present distinct symptomatic profile, course and underlying biology. Most studies on symptomatic effects of cannabis exposure are limited by examining patients after antipsychotic treatment. We investigated if antipsychotic naive FEP patients that reported cannabis use present higher symptom’s severity and if affects deferentially...
Schizophrenia Bulletin
April 1, 2018
R. Lodhi, Yabing Wang, G. Mcintyre et al.
Abstract Background Cannabis use, particularly regular use in adolescence, is associated with an increased risk of developing psychosis earlier. An earlier age of onset negates the protective effects of more mature psychosocial and individual variables, thus the potential for worse outcomes. Genetic variations in this relationship are important to understand as this will allow not only a better...
Schizophrenia Bulletin
April 1, 2018
M. Birnbaum, L. Pauselli, Sean Cleary et al.
Abstract Background The Cannabis Experiences Questionnaire (CEQ) was developed to measure the subjective experiences of cannabis use both during and after intoxication. Despite the need to better understand the nature of the complex and significant relationship between cannabis use and early psychosis, this questionnaire has rarely been used in individuals with first-episode psychosis. Methods...
Schizophrenia Bulletin
April 1, 2018
E. Setién-Suero, D. Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, B. Crespo-Facorro et al.
Abstract Background In recent years, the effect of cannabis use on cognitive functions in patients with psychosis has been widely studied, but results are somewhat contradictory. On the other hand, it has also been studied the relevance of the age of onset of consume, suggesting that the early age of onset of consumption may be related to a greater cognitive impairment. Methods 349 patients...
Schizophrenia Bulletin
April 1, 2018
Teresa Sánchez‐Gutiérrez, Belén Fernández‐Castilla, Sara Barbeito et al.
Abstract Background Patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) frequently report cannabis use although its effects on cognitive functioning are still unclear. Several studies suggest a decrease in the executive function, verbal memory and working memory of FEP cannabis users (González-Pinto et al., 2016; Mata et al. 2008) while other studies show improvements in the neurocognitive function of...
Schizophrenia Bulletin
April 1, 2018
Freda Scheffler, S. Kilian, B. Chiliza et al.
Abstract Background Cannabis has been associated with higher risk to develop psychosis and worse long-term outcomes. Cannabis use in 2016 is estimated to be 11.3% in Chile in 2016 (SENDA 2016). As in many other countries, cannabis use has steadily increased during last 20 years, across all socioeconomic groups, but especially in men and in the group aged 12 to 25 years old. At the same time,...
Schizophrenia Bulletin
April 1, 2018
Marta Di Forti, Diego Quattrone, Giada Tripoli et al.
Abstract Background Cannabis use remains the most widely used recreational drug worldwide. Following from several USA states legalisation policies, European countries are reconsidering their cannabis laws. While a significant amount of Epidemiological evidence has reported that cannabis use increases the risk of psychosis it is still unclear: 1) what underpins individual differences in...
Journal of Psychiatric Research
April 1, 2018
Sophia E R Bogaty, Rico S. C. Lee, I. Hickie et al.
OBJECTIVE Adult psychosis patients (i.e. over the age of 25 years) who are also lifetime cannabis users (CANN±) appear to exhibit superior cognition compared to never-using patients (CANN-). The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the cognitive differences between CANN- and patients who currently use cannabis (CANN+) (i.e. during the CANN± patients' cannabis-using stage)....
Schizophrenia Bulletin
April 1, 2018
Grace Blest‐hopley, Aisling O'Neill, R. Wilson et al.
Abstract Background Long-term use of cannabis has long been associated with changes in cognition, including memory and learning, particularly verbal learning in man. However, evidence regarding the neurobiological underpinnings of impairments in memory following long-term cannabis use has not been consistent. Furthermore, to our knowledge none of the studies published to date have specifically...
The British Journal of Psychiatry
April 1, 2018
Marco Colizzi, Robin Murray
Summary: It is now incontrovertible that heavy use of cannabis increases the risk of psychosis. There is a dose–response relationship and high potency preparations and synthetic cannabinoids carry the greatest risk. It would be wise to await the outcome of the different models of legalisation that are being introduced in North America, before deciding whether or not to follow suit. Declaration...
Drug Testing and Analysis
April 2018
David Potter, Kathy Hammond, Shaun Tuffnell et al.
In 2005 and 2008, studies reported that cannabis in England had become dominated by the sinsemilla (unseeded female) form. The average potency (Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol [THC] content) of this material had doubled over the previous decade. Cannabis resin then circulating contained approximately equal ratios of THC and cannabidiol (CBD), whereas sinsemilla was almost devoid of CBD. Despite raised...
Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology
April 2018
Briana J. Hempel, Matthew M Clasen, Katharine H Nelson et al.
Rising interest in medical marijuana has prompted research into its phytocannabinoid constituents, particularly Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). Coadministration of CBD with THC has been shown to modulate a number of THC's effects, including its negative stimulus properties (e.g., anxiety, paranoia, psychosis) in a clinical setting. The present series of experiments extended...