In our study, age-matched Holtzman Sprague-Dawley rats (275-300 g) received injections with either saline (0.9%) or 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; 20 mg/kg free base, s.c) twice daily for 4 days and allowed to recover for 2, 8, 16, 32 and 52 wk after the final injection before death. Radioligand binding studies with 125I-RTI-55 to dopamine uptake sites in striatal homogenates showed...
This study examined the effects of a presumed neurotoxic dose regimen of (+)-fenfluramine on the discrimination of MDMA and (+)-amphetamine in male Sprague-Dawley rats trained to discriminate 1.5 mg/kg MDMA from saline in a two-choice operant task. Substitution tests were conducted with saline, several doses of MDMA (0.19-1.5 mg/kg), and (+)-amphetamine (0.125-1.0 mg/kg) prior to and again...
Twelve rats were each fixed with a chronically indwelling bipolar electrode for stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle as it courses through the hypothalamus. These rats were trained to press a bar for intracranial stimulation of 0.3-s trains of 60 Hz sine waves for 10 min daily at three intensities. One intensity was just above threshold for maintaining pressing, one intensity was a high...
Drug Induced PsychosisROBPOOLEand CLAREBRABBINS Differential diagnosis of psychotic disorder in the young routinelyincludes“¿ ?Drug inducedpsychosis―.Hitherto this diagnostic category has had no consistent definition and the relationship between drug use and psychotic symptoms is controversial.Drug use is a major complicating factor in psychosis, rendersthe managementof...
Humanitas1996Charles Warren Burchfield, Patrick Neal Fuller
This essay explores Eric Voegelin's recovery of pre-modern experiences as the basis of his own theory of knowledge.It divides roughly into five parts: the first distinguishes between Voegelin's "mystical" epistemology and the intentionalist epistemological theories of modernity; the second finds his mystical epistemology to be rooted in experience of faith and love as symbolized by the...
Article discussing the phylogenetic basis of states of consciousness, and presenting the central theses of monism and dualism, in which near-death experiences (NDEs) enjoy very different ontological statuses.
The present study was designed to characterize further the rewarding and aversive properties of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), the alpha-ethyl homologue of MDMA (MBDB), fenfluramine, and the selective serotonin releasing agent 5-methoxy-6-methyl-2-aminoindan (MMAI) using the conditioned place preference paradigm (CPP). Extracellular dopamine (DA) and its metabolite DOPAC were also...
Whether or not drug use can cause a chronic psychotic disorder that is clinically similar to schizophrenia and related disorders is an important question. In this review, the authors attempt to determine whether there is enough evidence in the literature to support the notion that illicit drug use can cause chronic psychotic disorders. They conclude the literature strongly suggests that a...
Semistructured interviews were carried out with 20 illicit users of ketamine in Scotland. Participants had used a wide range of illegal drugs. Scottish drug agencies reported limited contact with ketamine users; however, subjects were knowledgeable regarding the licit purpose of ketamine, its effects, and its legal status. Ketamine was usually obtained through diversion from legitimate sources....
The study investigated the relationship between the use ofHolotropic Breathwork and therapeutic changes in levels of distress associated with selfidentified problems, death anxiety, selfesteem, and sense of affiliation with others. Two groups of 24 subjects were compared using a repeated measures design. One group participated in a combination of experientially oriented psychotherapy plus six...