Addiction: all studies (page 670) - The Consciousness Library

The covariation of independent and dependant variables in neurofeedback: a proposal framework to identify cognitive processes and brain activity variables.

Consciousness and Cognition May 1, 2014 Jean-Arthur Micoulaud-Franchi, Clélia Quiles, Guillaume Fond et al.

This methodological article proposes a framework for analysing the relationship between cognitive processes and brain activity using variables measured by neurofeedback (NF) carried out by functional Magnetic Resonance Imagery (fMRI NF). Cognitive processes and brain activity variables can be analysed as either the dependant variable or the independent variable. Firstly, we propose two...

DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2014.03.007 Full text Brain Independent variable Mind Neurofeedback +3

First-person approaches in neuroscience of consciousness: brain dynamics correlate with the intention to act.

Consciousness and Cognition May 1, 2014 Han-Gue Jo, Marc Wittmann, Tilmann Lhündrup Borghardt et al. 43 citations

The belief in free will has been frequently challenged since Benjamin Libet published his famous experiment in 1983. Although Libet's experiment is highly dependent upon subjective reports, no study has been conducted that focused on a first-person or introspective perspective of the task. We took a neurophenomenological approach in an N=1 study providing reliable and valid measures of the...

DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2014.03.004 Full text First-person data Intention to act Libet experiment Neurophenomenology +2

Mindfulness-oriented recovery enhancement ameliorates the impact of pain on self-reported psychological and physical function among opioid-using chronic pain patients.

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management April 26, 2014 Eric L Garland, Elizabeth A. Thomas, Matthew O Howard

Context: Chronic pain impacts one-third of the U.S. population, and its effects are debilitating for individuals and costly to the medical system. Although opioids are commonly prescribed to address chronic pain, they confer risk for misuse and addiction in some patients and may not fully restore life function-particularly with regard to psychosocial factors. Because of the multiplicity of...

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2014.03.006 Full text Mindfulness Humans Analgesics, opioid Pain measurement +11

Psilocybin-Induced Decrease in Amygdala Reactivity Correlates with Enhanced Positive Mood in Healthy Volunteers

Biological Psychiatry April 26, 2014 Rainer Kraehenmann, Katrin H. Preller, Milan Scheidegger et al. 325 citations

BackgroundThe amygdala is a key structure in serotonergic emotion-processing circuits. In healthy volunteers, acute administration of the serotonin 1A/2A/2C receptor agonist psilocybin reduces neural responses to negative stimuli and induces mood changes toward positive states. However, it is little-known whether psilocybin reduces amygdala reactivity to negative stimuli and whether any change...

DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.04.010 Psilocybin Serotonergic Serotonin Amygdala +6

Plasma oxytocin concentrations following MDMA or intranasal oxytocin in humans

Psychoneuroendocrinology April 19, 2014 M. Kirkpatrick, Sunday M. Francis, Royce Lee et al. 106 citations

MDMA (±3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, ‘ecstasy’) is reportedly used recreationally because it increases feelings of sociability and interpersonal closeness. Prior work suggests that the pro-social effects of MDMA may be mediated by release of oxytocin. A direct examination of plasma levels of oxytocin after acute doses of oxytocin and MDMA, in the same individuals, would provide further...

DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.04.006 Full text

Elucidating the neurotoxic effects of MDMA and its analogs.

Life Sciences April 17, 2014 Senthilkumar S Karuppagounder, Dwipayan Bhattacharya, Manuj Ahuja et al.

There is a rapid increase in the use of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and its structural congeners/analogs globally. MDMA and MDMA-analogs have been synthesized illegally in furtive dwellings and are abused due to its addictive potential. Furthermore, MDMA and MDMA-analogs have shown to have induced several adverse effects. Hence, understanding the mechanisms mediating this neurotoxic...

DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.02.010 Full text Drugs of abuse MDMA & Analogs Mitochondrial dysfunction Neurotoxicity +1

Cannabis use is quantitatively associated with nucleus accumbens and amygdala abnormalities in young adult recreational users.

Journal of Neuroscience April 16, 2014 Jodi M Gilman, John K Kuster, Sang H. Lee et al.

Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug in the United States, but little is known about its effects on the human brain, particularly on reward/aversion regions implicated in addiction, such as the nucleus accumbens and amygdala. Animal studies show structural changes in brain regions such as the nucleus accumbens after exposure to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, but less is known about...

DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4745-13.2014 Full text Cannabis Marijuana Gray matter density Multimodal imaging +2

Mutation of putative GRK phosphorylation sites in the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) confers resistance to cannabinoid tolerance and hypersensitivity to cannabinoids in mice.

Journal of Neuroscience April 9, 2014 Daniel J Morgan, Brian J Davis, Chris S Kearn et al.

For many G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R), desensitization has been proposed as a principal mechanism driving initial tolerance to agonists. GPCR desensitization typically requires phosphorylation by a G-protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK) and interaction of the phosphorylated receptor with an arrestin. In simple model systems, CB1R is desensitized...

DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3445-12.2014 Full text THC Cb1 Gpcr Cannabinoid +2

Mindfulness-based treatment to prevent addictive behavior relapse: theoretical models and hypothesized mechanisms of change.

Substance Use & Misuse April 1, 2014 Katie Witkiewitz, Sarah Bowen, Erin N Harrop et al.

Mindfulness-based treatments are growing in popularity among addiction treatment providers, and several studies suggest the efficacy of incorporating mindfulness practices into the treatment of addiction, including the treatment of substance use disorders and behavioral addictions (i.e., gambling). The current paper provides a review of theoretical models of mindfulness in the treatment of...

DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2014.891845 Full text Meditation Mindfulness Humans Substance-related disorders +3

Neural responses to subliminally presented cannabis and other emotionally evocative cues in cannabis-dependent individuals.

Psychopharmacology April 2014 Reagan R Wetherill, Anna Rose Childress, Kanchana Jagannathan et al.

Addiction theories posit that drug-related cues maintain and contribute to drug use and relapse. Indeed, our recent study in cocaine-dependent patients demonstrated that subliminally presented cocaine-related stimuli activate reward neurocircuitry without being consciously perceived. Activation of reward neurocircuitry may provoke craving and perhaps prime an individual for subsequent...

DOI: 10.1007/s00213-013-3342-z Full text

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