Research published in Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (page 14)

Psychiatric disorders and their correlates among young adult MDMA users in Ohio.

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs March 2006 Rüssel S. Falck, Robert G Carlson, Jichuan Wang et al.

This study describes the lifetime prevalence, correlates, and age of onset of selected psychiatric disorders among a community sample of MDMA users (n = 402), aged 18 to 30, in Ohio. Participants responded to interviewer-administered questionnaires, including sections of the computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule for DSM-IV. Fifty-five percent of the sample had at least one lifetime...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2006.10399824 Full text

An integral approach to substance abuse.

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs December 1, 2005 Diana S Amodia, Carol Cano, Michele J Eliason

There is a pressing need in the substance abuse field for more comprehensive models of etiology and treatment that address the complex issues of addiction, including the biological, social, cultural, spiritual and developmental needs of individuals and groups. This article presents a theoretical framework for an integral approach to substance abuse that expands on the existing biopsychosocial...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399809 Full text

Drug Tourism or Spiritual Healing? Ayahuasca Seekers in Amazonia

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2005 Michael Winkelman 156 citations

This research addresses the question of whether Westerners who seek traditional spiritual medicine known as ayahuasca can be best characterized as "drug tourists" or as people pursuing spiritual and therapeutic opportunities. Participants in an ayahuasca retreat in Amazonia were interviewed regarding their motivations for participation and the benefits they felt that they received. These...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399803 Ayahuasca Transpersonal Personal development Tourism +2

Report on psychoactive drug use among adolescents using ayahuasca within a religious context.

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2005 Evelyn Doering-Silveira, Charles S. Grob, Marlene Dobkin De Rios et al. 122 citations

Ritual use of ayahuasca within the context of the Brazilian ayahuasca churches often starts during late childhood or early adolescence. Premature access to psychoactive drugs may represent a risk factor for drug misuse. Conversely, religious affiliation seems to play a protective role in terms of substance abuse. The objective of this study was to describe patterns of drug use in a sample of...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399794 Full text Ayahuasca Adolescent substance use Religious protection Alcohol reduction

Altered States of Consciousness and Short-Term Psychological After-Effects Induced by the First Time Ritual Use of Ayahuasca in an Urban Context in Brazil

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2005 Paulo César Ribeiro Barbosa, Joel Sales Giglio, Paulo Dalgalarrondo 121 citations

This report describes psychological assessments of the first time ritual use of ayahuasca in the religious groups União do Vegetal and Santo Daime. Nineteen subjects who tried the beverage in Santo Daime rituals and nine subjects who tried it in União do Vegetal rituals were evaluated one to four days before their first ayahuasca experience in life and one to two weeks after this experience....

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399801 Ayahuasca Consciousness Hallucinogen Mental health +4

Ayahuasca in adolescence: a preliminary psychiatric assessment.

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2005 Dartiu Xavier Da Silveira, Charles S. Grob, Marlene Dobkin De Rios et al. 111 citations

Ayahuasca is believed to be harmless for those (including adolescents) drinking it within a religious setting. Nevertheless controlled studies on the mental/ psychiatric status of ritual hallucinogenic ayahuasca concoction consumers are still lacking. In this study, 40 adolescents from a Brazilian ayahuasca sect were compared with 40 controls matched on sex, age, and educational background for...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399792 Full text Ayahuasca Psychedelic medicine Entheogenic practice Adolescent mental health +7

Ayahuasca in adolescence: a neuropsychological assessment.

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2005 Evelyn Doering-Silveira, Enrique Lopez, Charles S. Grob et al. 70 citations

The purpose of the study was to evaluate neuropsychologically adolescents who use ayahuasca in a religious context. A battery of neuropsychological tests was administered to adolescents who use ayahuasca. These subjects were compared to a matched control group of adolescents who did not use ayahuasca. The controls were matched with regards to sex, age, and education. The neuropsychological...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399791 Full text Ayahuasca Psychedelics Entheogens Plant medicine +21

Bringing Ayahuasca to the Clinical Research Laboratory

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2005 Jordi Riba, Manel J. Barbanoj 58 citations

Since the winter of 1999, the authors and their research team have been conducting clinical studies involving the administration of ayahuasca to healthy volunteers. The rationale for conducting this kind of research is twofold. First, the growing interest of many individuals for traditional indigenous practices involving the ingestion of natural psychotropic drugs such as ayahuasca demands the...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399804 Ayahuasca Translational research

EEG Gamma Coherence and Other Correlates of Subjective Reports During Ayahuasca Experiences

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2005 David E. Stuckey, Robert F. Lawson, Luís Eduardo Luna 43 citations

The current study examined QEEG power and coherence of ayahuasca experiences with two experienced participants in a Brazilian jungle setting. An exploratory case series design was adopted for naturalistic field research. EEGs recorded during visual imagery was compared to eyes-closed baselines. The most important findings were increases in global EEG coherence in the 36-44 Hz and 50-64 Hz...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399798 Ayahuasca Meditation Electroencephalography Exploratory research +2

Fast and Slow Metabolizers ofHoasca

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2005 James C. Callaway 34 citations

Harmine, a major alkaloid in ayahuasca (hoasca), is a selective and reversible inhibitor of the enzyme monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A). It is also a selective inhibitor of the human cytochrome P450 isozyme 2D6 (CYP 2D6), which metabolizes harmine to a more hydrophilic derivative for eventual excretion. CYP 2D6 exhibits a wide range of polymorphisms in human populations, and variations in this...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399797 Anesthesia

Ayahuasca in adolescence: Qaualitative results.

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2005 Marlene Dobkin De Rios, Charles S. Grob, Enrique Lopez et al. 34 citations

Qualitative research was conducted in Brazil among 28 ayahuasca-consuming adolescents members of the União do Vegetal Church, and 28 adolescents who never used ayahuasca. They were compared on a number of qualitative variables, including vignettes measuring moral and ethical concerns. Psychocultural studies utilizing co-occurences of variables in the realm of qualitative studies are useful in...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399793 Full text Ayahuasca entheogens Psychedelics Plant medicine Psychoactive substances +10

Ayahuasca use in cross-cultural perspective.

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2005 Marlene Dobkin De Rios, Charles S. Grob 22 citations

(2005). Editors' Introduction: Ayahuasca Use in Cross-Cultural Perspective. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 37, Ayahuasca Use In Cross-Cultural Perspective, pp. 119-121.

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399790 Ayahuasca Amazonian brew Sacred plant medicine Entheogen +19

Interview with Guillermo Arrévalo, a Shipibo Urban Shaman, by Roger Rumrrill

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2005 Marlene Dobkin De Rios 19 citations

Roger Rumrrill, a journalist headquartered in Lima, Peru who is a noted expert on the Peruvian Amazon, interviewed Guillermo Arrévalo, a Shipibo urban shaman in Pucallpa, who utilizes ayahuasca in curing rituals. Sr. Arrévalo comments on the phenomenon known as drug tourism, where urban men and women provide tours for foreigners, for a price, to experience drug-induced mystical experiences in...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399802 Shamanism Criminology Psychoanalysis

Interview with Jeffrey Bronfman, RepresentativeMestrefor the Uniâo do Vegetal Church in the United States

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2005 Marlene Dobkin De Rios, Charles S. Grob 5 citations

A telephone interview was held in November of 2004 with Mr. Jeffrey Bronfman, representative mestre for the União do Vegetal Church in the United States, which utilizes ayahuasca as a religious sacrament. At the time of this writing, the U.S. Supreme Court has agreed to hear a case in which a large quantity of the ayahuasca tea was seized in the U.S. destined for sacramental use in church...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399800 Ayahuasca Legislation Supreme court Law +2

Ayahuasca and human destiny.

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2005 Dennis J. Mckenna 2 citations

In this essay, the author shares his personal reflections gleaned from a lifetime of research with ayahuasca, and speculates on the societal, political, planetary, and evolutionary implications of humanity's aeons-old symbiosis with this shamanic plant. The thesis is developed that at this critical historical juncture, ayahuasca has developed a strategy to broadcast its message to a wider...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399805 Ayahuasca Traditional brew Entheogen Personal transformation +9

Various alkaloid profiles in decoctions of Banisteriopsis caapi.

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2005 James C. Callaway

Twenty nine decoctions of Banisteriopsis caapi from four different sources and one specimen of B. caapi paste were analyzed for N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), tetrahydroharmine (THH), harmaline and harmine. Other plants were also used in the preparation of these products, typically Psychotria viridis, which provides DMT. There were considerable variations in alkaloid profiles, both within and...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399796 Full text

Phytochemical analyses of Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis.

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2005 James C. Callaway, Glacus S. Brito, Edison S. Neves

A total of 32 Banisteriopsis caapi samples and 36 samples of Psychotria viridis were carefully collected from different plants on the same day from 22 sites throughout Brazil for phytochemical analyses. A broad range in alkaloid distribution was observed in both sample sets. All B. caapi samples had detectable amounts of harmine, harmaline and tetrahydroharmine (THH), while some samples of P....

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399795 Full text

Psychedelic sacraments

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 2005 John R. Baker 23 citations

The use of psychedelic substances within a context that emphasizes religious experiences and aims to provide spiritual insights is not a new phenomenon. However, the proscription of these substances in most modern societies leads to such use now typically occurring in an underground and idiosyncratic manner that often leaves individuals on their own with regard to the interpretation and...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399799 Full text

Club drugs: reasons for and consequences of use.

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs September 2004 Kathleen A Parks, Cheryl L Kennedy

This preliminary descriptive study was designed to assess the reasons, primary contexts, and consequences (physical, psychological, lifestyle) of club drug use in a sample of young adults in a mid-size U.S. city. Fifty young adults (18 to 30 years old) reported on their use of club drugs (Ecstasy, GHB, ketamine, Rohypnol, methamphetamine, LSD) in face-to-face interviews that included...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2004.10400030 Full text

MDMA/Ecstasy Use Among Young People in Ohio: Perceived Risk and Barriers to Intervention

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2004 Robert G. Carlson, Rüssel S. Falck, Jill A. McCaughan et al. 49 citations

In the past several years, the use of MDMA (Ecstasy) has increased substantially in the United States and in many countries around the world. Although this increase has been associated with the dance club and rave scenes, Ecstasy use has expanded into new settings. At the same time, the diversity of people using the drug has also grown. Given the increasing, although unclear, evidence that MDMA...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2004.10399728

Combating substance abuse with ibogaine: pre- and posttreatment recommendations and an example of successive model fitting analyses.

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs June 1, 2004 James B Hittner, Susan B Quello 3 citations

Ibogaine is an indole alkaloid derived from the root bark of the African shrub Tabernan the iboga and it has been used for many years as a medicinal and ceremonial agent in West Central Africa. Furthermore, both anecdotal observations and recent studies suggest that ibogaine alleviates withdrawal symptoms and reduces drug cravings. Although ibogaine articles typically include information...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2004.10399729 Full text Ibogaine natural compound African shrub Cravings Substance abuse +7

Effects of the Amazonian Psychoactive BeverageAyahuascaon Binocular Rivalry: Interhemispheric Switching or Interhemispheric Fusion?

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs September 1, 2003 Ede Frecska, Keith D. White, Luis E. Luna 12 citations

An early theoretical analysis supposed changes in hemispheric integration as the basis of altered state of consciousness induced by psychoactive drugs. Brain imaging studies revealed right cortical activation after administration of hallucinogens. Recent studies on binocular rivalry suggest that interhemispheric switching is the neural substrate of the perceptual oscillations observed during...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2003.10400019 Ayahuasca Binocular rivalry Hallucinogen Consciousness +3

Acute physiologic and chronic histologic changes in rats and mice exposed to the unique hallucinogen salvinorin A.

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 2003 Mark Mowry, Michael Mosher, Wayne Briner 54 citations

Salvinorin A is a unique hallucinogen that is seeing increased use in humans. It is not currently a controlled substance and is used as a legal alternative to controlled substances. Usually smoked or buccally absorbed by chewing, doses of approximately 200 mcg can produce profound hallucinogenic effects of short duration. The mechanism of action of salvinorin A is at the kappa-opioid receptor....

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2003.10400021 Full text Physical impact Acute exposure Chronic organ changes Tissue damage +12

The Serotonergic System and Mysticism: Could LSD and the Nondrug-Induced Mystical Experience Share Common Neural Mechanisms?

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs September 1, 2002 Neil F. Goodman 30 citations

This article aims to explore, through established scientific research and documented accounts of personal experience, the similarities between religious mystical experiences and some effects of D-lysergic diethylamide or LSD. LSD predominantly works upon the serotonergic (serotonin-using neurons) diffuse neuromodulatory system, which projects its axons to virtually all areas of the brain...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2002.10399962 Mysticism Serotonergic Lysergic acid diethylamide Serotonin +2

Jekyll and Hyde Revisited: Paradoxes in the Appreciation of Drug Experiences and Their Effects on Creativity

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs September 1, 2002 Jos Ten Berge 13 citations

Historically, states of intoxication--like dreams and madness--are seen in either one of two opposed ways. The intoxicated are either "possessed" or "under the influence" of an external agency, or revealing hidden feelings or truths (in vino veritas). Along the same lines, artists who worked during LSD, mescalin or psilocybin intoxication often refer to feelings of either being "possessed" or...

DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2002.10399961 Psilocybin Feeling Possession linguistics Creativity +6

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