Pharmacology & Therapeutics
May 1, 2019
Matthew W Johnson, Peter S. Hendricks, Frederick S. Barrett et al.
520 citations
The purpose of this paper is to provide an integrative review and offer novel insights regarding human research with classic psychedelics (classic hallucinogens), which are serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) agonists such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), mescaline, and psilocybin. Classic psychedelics have been administered as sacraments since ancient times. They were of prominent interest...
Psychopharmacology
March 1, 2019
Adam L. Halberstadt, Simon D. Brandt, Donna Walther et al.
Over the last decade, many new psychostimulant analogues have appeared on the recreational drug market and most are derivatives of amphetamine or cathinone. Another class of designer drugs is derived from the 2-aminoindan structural template. Several members of this class, including the parent compound 2-aminoindan (2-AI), have been sold as designer drugs. Another aminoindan derivative,...
Consciousness and Cognition
March 1, 2019
Charlotte Martial, Héléna Cassol, Vanessa Charland-Verville et al.
98 citations
The real or perceived proximity to death often results in a non-ordinary state of consciousness characterized by phenomenological features such as the perception of leaving the body boundaries, feelings of peace, bliss and timelessness, life review, the sensation of traveling through a tunnel and an irreversible threshold. Near-death experiences (NDEs) are comparable among individuals of...
February 27, 2019
Matheus Arts, Linda de Jonge, S. Petrykiv
1 citation
Background: Ayahuasca, also called yagu00e9, is a psychoactive potion of various plant infusions consisting of the Banisteriopsis caapi vine, containing beta-carbolines, and the leaves of the N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT)-containing Psychotria viridis, which acts as a potent agonist to 5-HT2a receptors. Drinking ayahuasca has recently become very popular in shamanistic u2018healing...
Journal of Psychopharmacology
February 21, 2019
Adam L. Halberstadt, Muhammad Chatha, Stephen J. Chapman et al.
25 citations
Background: In recent years, there has been increasing scientific interest in the effects and pharmacology of serotonergic hallucinogens. While a large amount of experimental work has been conducted to characterize the behavioral response to hallucinogens in rodents, there has been little systematic investigation of mescaline and its analogs. The hallucinogenic potency of mescaline is increased...
Psychopharmacology
February 14, 2019
Adam L. Halberstadt, Landon M. Klein, Muhammad Chatha et al.
25 citations
Rationale The lysergamide lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a prototypical classical hallucinogen with remarkably high potency. LSD remains a popular recreational drug but is also becoming an important research tool for medical and neuroscience studies. Recently, several lysergamides that are close structural analogs of LSD have been sold as recreational drugs, which suggests that further...
February 5, 2019
Punit S. Ramrakha, Kevin P. Moore, Amir H. Sam
Abstract This chapter describes drug overdoses, the general approach, and antidotes. It includes information on overdoses of anticonvulsants, antipsychotic drugs, aspirin, benzodiazepines, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, carbon monoxide, cyanide, digoxin, ethanol, hypoglycaemic agents, iron, lithium, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, recreational drugs (stimulants: amphetamines,...
bioRxiv Preprint Server
January 28, 2019
Thomas Pokorny, Patricia Duerler, Erich Seifritz et al.
2 citations
preprint
Psychiatric and neurodegenerative illnesses are characterized by cognitive impairments, in particular deficits in working memory, decision making, and executive functions including cognitive flexibility. However, the neuropharmacology of these cognitive functions is poorly understood. The serotonin (5-HT) 2A receptor might be a promising candidate for the modulation of cognitive processes....
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
January 28, 2019
Katrin H. Preller, Adeel Razi, Peter Zeidman et al.
303 citations
Psychedelics exert unique effects on human consciousness. The thalamic filter model suggests that core effects of psychedelics may result from gating deficits, based on a disintegration of information processing within cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) feedback loops. To test this hypothesis, we characterized changes in directed (effective) connectivity between selected CTSC regions after...
January 5, 2019
Intoxication results in a mixture of hallucinogenic and stimulant signs and symptoms, including anxiety, depression, paranoia, hallucinations, agitation, confusion, nausea, abdominal discomfort, tachycardia, hypertension, muscle clonus, and pupillary dilation. Life-threatening medical complications include excited delirium, seizures, hyperthermia, and pulmonary edema. Toxic serotonergic...