Journal of Natural Products
May 27, 2009
Lukasz Kutrzeba, Daneel Ferreira, Jordan Kordian Zjawiony
27 citations
A search for biosynthetic precursors of salvinorin A (1) led to the isolation of a new neoclerodane diterpenoid hemiacetal mixture, salvinorins J (2), from the chloroform extract of Salvia divinorum. A leaf surface extraction method was used on S. divinorum, affording a chlorophyll-free extract containing predominantly neoclerodane diterpenoids, including the new salvinorins J (2) and 14 known...
British Journal of Pharmacology
May 5, 2009
Daniela Braida, Valeria Capurro, Alessia Zani et al.
145 citations
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Drugs targeting brain kappa-opioid receptors produce profound alterations in mood. In the present study we investigated the possible anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of the kappa-opioid receptor agonist salvinorin A, the main active ingredient of Salvia divinorum, in rats and mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Experiments were performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats...
Xenobiotica
May 1, 2009
Kenji Tsujikawa, Kenji Kuwayama, Hajime Miyaguchi et al.
64 citations
Salvinorin A is the main active psychoactive ingredient in Salvia divinorum, a Mexican plant that has been widely available as a hallucinogen in recent years. The aims of this study were to investigate the stability of salvinorin A in rat plasma, esterases responsible for its degradation, and estimation of the degradation products. The apparent first-order rate constants of salvinorin A at 37...
The FASEB Journal
April 1, 2009
Helmut B Gottlieb, Lisa Ji, JT Cunningham
One of active ingredients of Salvia divinorum , Salvinorin A (Sal A), has been shown to be a kappa opioid receptor agonist. The activation of central kappa opioid systems markedly affects renal function (water diuresis) in a manner that is different from any clinically used diuretic to date. The cardiovascular and renal effects produced by central administration of Salvinorin A are yet to be...
Psychopharmacology
April 1, 2009
Lisa E Baker, John J Panos, Bryan A Killinger et al.
57 citations
Research interests regarding the psychopharmacology of salvinorin A have been motivated by the recreational use and widespread media focus on the hallucinogenic plant, Salvia divinorum. Additionally, kappa opioid (KOP) receptor ligands may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of some neuropsychiatric conditions, including drug dependence and mood disorders. Salvinorin A is a selective...
Planta Medica
March 1, 2009
LM Kutrzeba, JK Zjawiony, HJ Koo et al.
1 citation
Abuse of unregulated substances by young adults has been a great concern of the US and international community. The active component of Salvia divinorum , salvinorin A ( 1 ) has a potent affinity to kappa opioid receptor in CNS. We studied the biosynthesis of this diterpenoid through the isolation of RNA and construction of cDNA library. Sequencing of the genetic material resulted in building...
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters
March 1, 2009
Lu Yang, Wei Xu, Feng Chen et al.
Salvinorin A (1), the main active ingredient of Salvia divinorum, is a potent and selective kappa-opioid receptor (KOPR) agonist. A series of C-12 triazole analogs and the oxadiazole (4) analog of 1 are synthesized and screened for binding affinity at kappa, mu (MOPR), or delta (DOPR). Surprisingly, all triazole analogs have shown negligible binding affinity at opioid receptors and the...
The Journal of Organic Chemistry
February 20, 2009
Ylva E. Bergman, Roger Mulder, Patrick Perlmutter
21 citations
The key tricyclic intermediate 3a, for the total synthesis of the C(20)-nor analogue of salvinorin A, was prepared in seven steps from 3-furaldehyde. Key steps involved a highly regio- and diastereoselective Lewis acid assisted Diels-Alder reaction followed by base-promoted epimerization and a completely stereoselective conjugate reduction.
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
February 1, 2009
Cécile Béguin, Katharine K Duncan, Thomas A Munro et al.
In an effort to find novel agents which selectively target the kappa opioid receptor (KOPR), we modified the furan ring of the highly potent and selective KOPR agonist salvinorin A. Introduction of small substituents at C-16 was well tolerated. 12-epi-Salvinorin A, synthesized in four steps from salvinorin A, was a selective partial agonist at the KOPR. No clear SAR patterns were observed for...
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
February 1, 2009
Eduardo R Butelman, Thomas E Prisinzano, Haiteng Deng et al.
67 citations
Salvinorin A is the main active component of the widely available hallucinogenic plant, Salvia divinorum. Salvinorin A is a selective high-efficacy kappa-agonist in vitro, with some unique pharmacodynamic properties. Descriptive reports show that salvinorin A-containing products produce robust behavioral effects in humans. However, these effects have not been systematically characterized in...