PLoS One
September 18, 2018
Mu-Huo Ji, Jiangyan Xia, Xiaohui Tang et al.
18 citations
Memory enhancement and memory decline are two opposing cognitive performances commonly observed in clinical practice, yet the neural mechanisms underlying these two different phenomena remain poorly understood. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the default-mode network (DMN) is implicated in diverse cognitive, social, and affective processes. In the present study, we used the...
Der Nervenarzt
September 1, 2018
K Meister, S Becker
The demand for complementary clinically efficacious, safe, patient acceptable, and cost-effective forms of treatment for mental illness is growing. Yoga has beneficial effects on somatic and mental health factors; therefore, yoga has preventive and therapeutic capabilities to improve mental dysfunction. In this overview of the current literature, the evidence of the effects of yoga on selected...
Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine
August 15, 2018
M. Gupta, D. Pur
Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, Vol. 14, No. 8 August 15, 2018 Creamer and colleagues1 have addressed the very important topic of the high prevalence of clinically significant nightmares (31.2% of 473 military personnel met criteria for nightmare disorder [NDO] and endorsed trouble falling asleep because of bad dreams on at least a weekly basis) among military personnel, with possibly only...
BMC Genomics
August 2, 2018
Peter Petschner, Viola Tamasi, Csaba Ádori et al.
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") is a widely used entactogenic drug known to impair cognitive functions on the long-run. Both hippocampal and frontal cortical regions have well established roles in behavior, memory formation and other cognitive tasks and damage of these regions is associated with altered behavior and cognitive functions frequently described in otherwise...
Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice and Policy
July 19, 2018
Katherine E Miller, Rachel L Micol, Joanne L. Davis et al.
Objective: This report aims to extend previous findings on predictors of treatment dropout and response within nightmare treatment. Method: Factors predicting treatment noninitiation, dropout, and response were examined in 70 trauma-exposed individuals treated in a randomized controlled trial of 2 conditions (exposure [EX] and nonexposure) of a therapy for trauma nightmares. Results: Together,...
Neuropharmacology
July 15, 2018
Ashley M Fortress, Ian M Smith, Kevin C H Pang
Anxiety disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) share a common feature of pathological avoidance behavior. The Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rat has been used as a model of anxiety vulnerability, expressing a behaviorally inhibited temperament, acquiring avoidance behavior more rapidly and displaying extinction-resistant avoidance compared to Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Subanesthetic levels of...
Schizophrenia Research
July 2018
Lyndsey Holt, William Sellwood, Pauline Slade
The frequency of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) amongst new mothers is beginning to be explored but the mechanisms underlying such experiences are yet to be understood. First time mothers (N=10,000) receiving maternity care via the UK National Health Service were contacted postnatally via Emma's Diary, an online resource for mothers. Measures assessed birth experience, trauma appraisals,...
Harvard Review of Psychiatry
July 1, 2018
Johannes Graser, Ulrich Stangier
67 citations
OBJECTIVES: This article presents a brief overview of the empirical evidence of well-established mindfulness interventions and an in-depth review of less-established compassion-based interventions (CBIs) and loving-kindness meditation (LKM). Definitions, cognitive and physiological mechanisms, and methods of assessment are discussed. METHOD: A literature review using the databases Google...
Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine
June 15, 2018
Timothy I Morgenthaler, Sanford Auerbach, Kenneth R Casey et al.
Nightmare disorder affects approximately 4% of adults, occurring in isolation or as part of other disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and can significantly impair quality of life. This paper provides the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) position regarding various treatments of nightmare disorder in adults. A literature search was performed based upon the keywords...
Routledge eBooks
June 14, 2018
A. C. Parrott
7 citations
This chapter aims to critically evaluate methamphetamine derivative (MDMA) proposal from a psychobiological perspective. It overviews the early years of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy up to 1986, when MDMA was scheduled as a Class A drug. The chapter also reviews the psychobiology of MDMA, focusing on its diverse mood effects, while also covering other psychobiological functions. It presents a...