If we consider the kinds of intelligence generated by brain-body-environment systems, then such emergent minds may be vaster still in terms of their complex combinatorics, with the pinnacle of expressive power potentially being found in language with its “infinite use of finite means”. The field of artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) seeks to reproduce the powers of biological...
Cognition is a core part of and a common topic among philosophy of mind, psychology, neuroscience, AI, and cognitive science. Through a mechanistic lens, I propose a framework of defining, modeling, and analyzing cognition mechanisms. Firstly, appropriate terms are introduced and used in explanations related to the framework and within the definition of a mechanism. I implicitly contend that...
The Computational Theory of Mind says that the mind is a computing system. It has a long history going back to the idea that thought is a kind of computation. Its modern incarnation relies on analogies with contemporary computing technology and the use of computational models. It comes in many versions, some more plausible than others. This Element supports the theory primarily by its...
León and Zahavi (2023) have made a compelling case for the necessity of philosophy — and not only neuroscience — for investigating consciousness. In particular, they argue that any theory of consciousness cannot avoid philosophical enquiry and thus only can choose between good or bad philosophy. Also, the topics of self-consciousness and selfhood are highlighted as problems of consciousness sui...
Using an anthropomorphic approach, a narrative is established from the perspective of Eastern White Cedar, to embody the spirit of the animate being. The characteristics of cedar are visualized through a meditative script. The contemplative prose aspires for a harmonic and peaceful experience that elevates an understanding of the cedar's relations, integral connections, and its surrounding...
Bu makalede İbn Sina’nın zati şuur kavramı ve bu kavramın çağdaş zihin felsefesindeki yeri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmamızın odak noktasını oluşturan İbn Sina’nın zati şuur kavramı, kişinin kendine dair bir bilinç durumunu ifade etmektedir. Bu bilinç durumundan kastedilenin anlaşılabilmesi için öncelikle İbn Sina’nın nefs teorisinden; nefsin tanımı, gayr-i cismani oluşu, yaratılması,...
Background. The problem of artificial consciousness is relevant in connection with intensive development of artificial intelligence technologies and the complication of technological environment of the mankind, including artificial agents and decision-making systems. It is widely covered in the interdisciplinary discourse of natural sciences, humanities and engineering. Yet, the unresolved...
Various ethnic groups in Sumatra also possess shamanic traditions that involve traditional rites and the involvement of shamans or individuals with specialized skills in countering black magic. Each of these ethnic groups possesses distinct practices and beliefs. The Batak tribe has diverse ethnic subgroups, including Toba Batak, Karo, Mandailing, and others. Within Batak culture, there exist...
Abstract Here, we describe how Casas Grandes Medio period (AD 1200 to 1450) shamanic practices of the North American Southwest used tobacco shamanism, a ritual stance called the Tennessee Diviner (TD) posture, and cultural expectations to generate trance experiences of soul flight and divination. We introduce a conceptual model that holds that specific trance experiences are the emergent result...
This research aims to describe the implementation process of Transcendental Meditation (TM) in Bali Mandara State Vocational High School; describe the perception of school members after participating in TM activities; describe the mental state of students after participating in TM from the perspective of Theopsychology; and describe the implications of TM implementation for school members. This...