The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
September 8, 2009
Rodrigo Machado‐Vieira, Peixiong Yuan, Nancy E. Brutsché et al.
154 citations
OBJECTIVE: A model has been proposed to explain the pathophysiology of mood disorders based on decreased neurotrophin levels during mood episodes; treatment with antidepressants and mood stabilizers is associated with clinical improvement. This study investigated whether changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels are associated with the initial antidepressant effects of...
Substance Use & Misuse
2008
Bill Sanders, Stephen E Lankenau, Jennifer Jackson Bloom et al.
Tryptamines and phenethylamines are two broad categories of psychoactive substances with a long history of licit and illicit use. Profiles of users of recently emerging tryptamines and phenethylamines are nonexistent, however, since surveillance studies do not query the use of these substances. This manuscript describes the types, modes of administration, onset of use, and context of use of a...
European Addiction Research
December 18, 2006
Jim Mccambridge, Adam Winstock, Neil Hunt et al.
113 citations
<i>Aims:</i> To describe and assess trends in the use of hallucinogens and other adjunct drugs over a 5-year period. <i>Design:</i> Repeated-measures cross-sectional survey. <i>Setting and Participants:</i> Annual magazine-based survey targeting people who use drugs in dance contexts. <i>Measurements:</i> Lifetime use prevalence (ever used); age of first use; current use prevalence (any use...
European Psychiatry
December 1, 2000
F. Salomé, P Boyer, Michel Fayol
21 citations
The aim of this survey is to present an overview of research into psychopharmacology as regards the effects of different psychoactive drugs and neuroleptics (NL) on language in normal subjects and schizophrenic patients. Eighteen studies that have investigated the effects of different drugs (alcohol, amphetamines, secobarbital, L-dopa, psilocybin, ketamine, fenfluramine) and neuroleptics...
October 1, 1999
R. Andrew Chambers, J. Douglas Bremner, Bita Moghaddam et al.
140 citations
Dissociative cognitive and perceptual alterations commonly occur at the time of traumatization and as an enduring feature of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). After stress exposure, dissociative symptoms are a predictor of the development of PTSD. Recent preclinical data suggest that stress stimulates the cortico-limbic release of glutamate. The glutamate that is released during stress in...
Medical Hypotheses
1990
Karl Jansen
96 citations
The Near-Death Experience (NDE) is a dissociative mental state with characteristic features. These can be reproduced by ketamine which acts at sigma sites and blocks N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) linked phencyclidine (PCP) receptors to reduce ischaemic damage. Endogenous ligands, alpha and beta-endopsychosin, have been detected for these receptors which suggests an explanation for some NDE's: the...
Psychiatric Clinics of North America
December 1, 1984
S Cohen
The hallucinogenic drugs represent a recurrent outbreak pattern with each generation or two seeming to rediscover their ego-dissolving effects. The inhalants produce a short-lived intoxication with certain volatile solvents affecting specific organ systems.
JAMA
August 8, 1977
Sidney Cohen
31 citations
PHENCYCLIDINE hydrochloride (Sernylan) was investigated during the 1950s as an anesthetic agent. Although it was found to be effective for analgesia and anesthesia, certain side effects, especially postoperative agitation and delirium that lasts for hours, precluded its final acceptance. Later, phencyclidine was discovered to be a satisfactory anesthetic agent for certain animals, and is...
University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)
Bianchi
Abstract: Although ketamine can induce a state similar to a near-death experience (NDE), there is a striking difference between experiences induced by ketamine used in a recreational context and in an operating room. Ketamine is a noncompetitive antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, as is ibogaine, the main alkaloid of a shrub used in Central Africa to induce NDEs in a religious...
Harm Reduction Journal
October 30, 2026
Alexandre Delforge
Abstract: Background: Intranasal insufflation of psychoactive substances, including cocaine, MDMA, and ketamine, is associated with a well-documented spectrum of nasal and sinonasal complications. These result from at least three distinct but interacting mechanisms: mechanical trauma from particulate matter, vasoconstriction-induced mucosal ischaemia (primarily relevant for cocaine), and...