To investigate whether continuous intravenous infusion of esketamine during surgery can improve postoperative delirium (POD) and inflammatory response in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB). Prospective, triple-blind, randomized controlled trial. A single tertiary center. 140 adult patients undergoing elective OPCAB. Patients in Group S (esketamine group)...
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been associated with depression and inadequate response to antidepressants. While ketamine has demonstrated efficacy in treating depression, its impact on pre-existing liver injury and depression remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ketamine treatment in a murine model of depression and liver damage, considering age-related...
Journal of NeuroscienceApril 9, 2025Audrey Dureux, Alessandro Zanini, Azadeh Jafari et al.3 citations
Auditory deficits are a well-known symptom in neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. The noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist ketamine has been used to model sensory and cognitive deficits in nonhuman primates, but its whole-brain effects remain largely unknown. Here we employed ultra-high field functional magnetic resonance imaging at 9.4 T in awake male and...
BMC NeurologyApril 9, 2025Evan Eggiman, William Kerr, Brandon Spivey et al.
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) is a rare autoimmune neurological disorder characterized by progressive muscle rigidity and painful spasms. Standard treatments often yield variable responses, particularly in severe, refractory cases. This case report highlights the novel use of ketamine as an effective therapeutic agent for managing acute SPS exacerbations, underscoring its potential as a...
PsychopharmacologyApril 8, 2025Megan L Bertholomey, Camryn Forbes, Bryan D McElroy et al.3 citations
Alcohol use and major depressive disorder are frequently comorbid, with individuals diagnosed with a substance use disorder being nearly three times as likely to have major depression. Poor treatment responses are found for both disorders and are further complicated when they co-occur, underscoring the need for better therapies. One potential candidate is ketamine, which has been shown to have...
In this case report, we present a patient with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder, eating disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and borderline personality disorder. Over a 10-year period, our case transitioned from adolescence to adulthood and received antidepressant monotherapy, adjunctive therapy with antipsychotics, lithium, or lamotrigine,...
Current NeuropharmacologyApril 7, 2025Marika Alborghetti, Luana Lionetto, Ginevra Lombardozzi et al.1 citation
Esketamine is administered intranasally in combination with at least another antidepressant in patients with treatment-resistant depression. Some of these antidepressants might affect ketamine's pharmacokinetic profile by inhibiting cytochrome-P450 (CYP450) isoforms. Our aim was to establish how different types of combined antidepressants affect serum and salivary levels of esketamine at the...
Introduction: Depression, affecting 350 million people globally, is a leading cause of disability. Common symptoms include low mood, sadness, guilt, anxiety, and suicidalthoughts. Current treatments, mostly monoamine-based antidepressants, have limitations such as delayed effects and low efficacy, with over 60% of patients not achieving lasting remission. Ketamine, an NMDA antagonist, has shown...
AddictionApril 4, 2025Asem Abdelrahman, Mo Belal4 citations
Ketamine-induced cystitis is an increasingly recognized complication associated with the addictive use of ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic. This article provides a comprehensive overview, focusing on its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management strategies, and implications for addiction treatment. The British Association of Urological Surgeons consensus serves as a...
Ketamine is a rapid-acting treatment for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), though mechanisms related to ketamine's effects remain unclear. Blood-based neurotrophic and inflammatory factors (NIFs; e.g., brain-derived neurotrophic factor, interleukin-6) have emerged as markers potentially linked to ketamine and ketamine treatment response. In this secondary analysis of a randomized controlled...
Case Report Esketamine in Geriatric Depression and Pseudodementia: A Case Study Filippo Mazzoni 1,2, Giovanni Carnevale Miacca 1,2, Alessandro Guffanti 1,2, Vassilis Martiadis 3, Benardo Maria Dell’Osso 4,5,6,7, Natascia Brondino 1,2 and Miriam Olivola 1,4 1 Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy 2 Department of Mental Health and Addiction, ASST...
Ketamine is an NMDA receptor antagonist, long used for its anesthetic and pain reducing properties, but has more recently demonstrated efficacy for treating depression. Evidence is also emerging for other psychiatric indications including posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, and to support psychotherapy. In this context, there is greater demand for...
Evidence suggests the crucial role of dysfunctional default mode (DMN), salience and frontoparietal (FPN) networks, collectively termed the triple network model, in the pathophysiology of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Using the graph theory- and seed-based functional connectivity analyses, we attempted to elucidate the role of low-dose ketamine in the triple networks, namely the DMN,...
Depression, a pervasive mental health condition, has increasingly been linked to neuroinflammation, as evidenced by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory markers such as TNF-α and IL-1β observed in patients, which underscores the role of inflammation in its pathophysiology. This study investigates the differential effects of S-ketamine (S-KET) and R-ketamine (R-KET) on inflammation-induced...
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a critical challenge in psychiatry, with limited effective options. Esketamine, a rapid-acting antidepressant, is usually combined with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) or a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), but comparative evidence of these combinations' effectiveness in real-world settings is sparse. To determine...
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a challenge, necessitating novel interventions that address associated cognitive deficits. The glutamatergic modulator ketamine exerts rapid antidepressant effects, prompting investigators to assess its impact on cognitive function, specifically working memory. This study explored ketamine's influence on working memory and magnetoencephalography...
Objective: This open-label clinical trial examined the preliminary efficacy of combining a course of 6 ketamine infusions with a brief, evidence-based exposure-based psychotherapy-written exposure therapy (WET)-in patients with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: The trial was conducted between June 2021 and October 2023. Patients with chronic PTSD and high-moderate to severe...
European PsychiatryApril 1, 2025E. A. Ródenas Vera, S. Sabater, P. Alvarez et al.
IntroductionDepressive disorder is one of the health problems that carries the greatest burden of morbidity, with high prevalence and impact on people’s quality of life. It also affects the family environment and contributes to the social and economic burden on health systems (World Health Organization, depression, 2023). Currently, the treatment of depression has limitations and there is a...
IntroductionTreatment-resistant Depression (TRD) nowadays it is consider a public health problem. Studies had demonstrate that TRD has higher prevalence of psychiatric comorbid conditions, twice the utilization of outpatient health care resources, 3 times the number of inpatient bed-days, and 23% higher all-cause mortality. Esketamine, the S-enantiomer of ketamine, has been recently approved...
IntroductionFirefighters face routine occupational risks and high-stress environments. Accordingly, 96.4% are exposed to a potentially traumatizing event throughout their career (Nazari et al. Work 2020; 67(1):215-222). This is accompanied by high rates of trauma-related mental illnesses (TRMI) such as PTSD. First-line treatments of TRMI remain limited. A novel treatment that has emerged,...