Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology
February 12, 2026
Emilio Cipriano, Giacomo Boffa, Maria Petracca et al.
Background and objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) exhibits racially disparate rates of disease progression. Black people with MS (B-PwMS) experience a more severe disease course than non-Hispanic White people with MS (NHW-PwMS). Here we investigated structural and functional connectivity as well as structure-function decoupling in the sensorimotor and default mode networks (SMN and DMN,...
Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences
February 1, 2026
Devayani Joshi, Alexa Tompary, Aaron Kucyi
The default mode network (DMN) is a distributed set of brain regions engaged during wakeful rest. Spontaneous thoughts - internally directed mental experiences that arise with relative freedom and few constraints on their content or transitions - are ubiquitous during wakeful rest. Spontaneous memory reactivation - neural events in which recently learned information is reinstated - also occurs...
Frontiers in Neuroscience
January 28, 2026
Dongsheng Zhang, Xiaoling Zhang, Lei Wang et al.
Introduction: Disruptions in functional connectivity (FC) within the default mode network (DMN) are well established as a key neuropathology underlying cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Subcortical nuclei, including the basal forebrain (BF) and mediodorsal thalamus, play critical roles in regulating DMN-associated cognitive processes and are particularly vulnerable to...
medRxiv Preprint Server
January 14, 2026
Gaia Zin, Guy Nagels, Jeroen Van Schependom et al.
preprint
Introduction The balance between excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) neural processes is a fundamental principle of brain function, and its disruption has been implicated in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). In vivo assessment of E/I balance has traditionally relied on electrophysiological measures, and despite the abundance of fMRI data on MS, no fMRI-based technique has so far been...
Scientific Reports
January 6, 2026
Gregory V Chernov, Mikhail Y Mel'nikov, Alexis V Belianin et al.
Decision-making under risk lies at the core of strategic action in human activities. Nevertheless, the neural mechanisms underlying decision-making in trial-and-error-based learning in the absence of explicit risk ratios have not been thoroughly understood. This study investigates the neural correlates of long-term success during repeated risky decision-making. We combined a motion detection...
Cureus
January 5, 2026
Geoff Cook
This narrative review synthesizes evidence identified through targeted searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (2010-2025), with a focused selection of human and mechanistic studies examining GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1s), food cue reactivity, prospective cognition, mindfulness-based interventions, and neural network dynamics relevant to 'food noise' and the default mode network...
Frontiers in toxicology
2026
Linda L Chao, Salvatore Torrisi
Potentially more than 100,000 US troops were exposed to organophosphorus (OP) nerve agents when an ammunition bunker at Khamisiyah, Iraq was destroyed shortly after the end of the 1991 Gulf War (GW). We previously reported evidence of differences in brain structure and function in GW veterans with predicted exposure to the Khamisiyah plume compared to veterans without predicted exposure. Here,...
Neurotrauma reports
2026
Bhanu Sharma, Alejandro Amador-Tejada, Eric Koelink et al.
Submaximal aerobic exercise is an evidence-informed strategy for concussion management. However, its impact on the concussed pediatric brain remains poorly understood. A seminal adult study reported stability of default mode network (DMN) functional connectivity before and immediately after aerobic exercise in adults with mild traumatic brain injury. Comparable data do not exist in children,...
Brain Communications
2026
Ying Wang, Chenglong Cao, Hao Chen et al.
Microvascular decompression is the standard surgical intervention for classical trigeminal neuralgia attributed to NVC. However, up to 30% of patients experience poor outcomes despite technically successful surgery, suggesting non-peripheral mechanisms. This study investigates whether central neural reorganization-manifested as altered cortico-subcortical connectivity and white matter...
Brain Communications
2026
Tobias Bauer, Charlotte Gauvry, Sebastian Markett et al.
Hemispherotomy is a surgical intervention for severe drug-resistant epilepsy that fully disconnects the lesional brain hemisphere from the rest of the nervous system. This creates a rare opportunity to explore whether consciousness can be sustained without external input. The default-mode network, linked to introspective mental activity, is considered a necessary, though not sufficient,...