NeuroImage: Clinical
August 22, 2018
F.H.G. Porto, Artur Martins Coutinho, Fabio Luís de Souza Duran et al.
Aerobic training (AT) is a promising intervention to improve cognitive functioning. However, its modulatory effects on brain networks are not yet entirely understood. Sixty-five subjects with mild cognitive impairment performed a moderate intensity, 24-week AT program. Differences in resting regional brain glucose metabolism (rBGM) with FDG-PET were assessed before and after AT on a...
Pain
August 1, 2018
Kasey S Hemington, Anton Rogachov, Joshua C Cheng et al.
Resilience is a psychological trait that strongly predicts chronic pain-related health outcomes. The neural correlates of both pain and trait resilience are critical to understand the brain-behaviour relationship in chronic pain; yet, neural correlates of resilience in chronic pain states are unknown. However, measures of pain perception and a wide range of psychological health measures have...
Frontiers in Psychology
July 17, 2018
Giorgio Gronchi, Fabio Giovannelli
54 citations
automatic behavior; decision making; default mode network (DMN); dual process theory of thought; neural basis of cognition
Brain and Behavior
June 22, 2018
Tabea Kamp, Bettina Sorger, Caroline Benjamins et al.
Background: Linking individual task performance to preceding, regional brain activation is an ongoing goal of neuroscientific research. Recently, it could be shown that the activation and connectivity within large-scale brain networks prior to task onset influence performance levels. More specifically, prestimulus default mode network (DMN) effects have been linked to performance levels in...
Cerebral Cortex
June 21, 2018
Verity Smith, Daniel J Mitchell, John Duncan
173 citations
A frequently repeated finding is that the default mode network (DMN) shows activation decreases during externally focused tasks. This finding has led to an emphasis in DMN research on internally focused self-relevant thought processes. A recent study, in contrast, implicates the DMN in substantial externally focused task switches. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we scanned 24...
Frontiers in Neurology
June 13, 2018
Liting Chen, Xiaole Fan, Haijun Li et al.
Impaired spontaneous regional activity and altered topology of the brain network have been observed in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the mechanisms of disrupted functional connectivity (FC) and topological reorganization of the default mode network (DMN) in patients with OSA remain largely unknown. We explored whether the FC is altered within the DMN and examined topological changes...
bioRxiv
June 12, 2018
Aditya Singh, Tracy Erwin-Grabner, Grant Sutcliffe et al.
preprint
High frequency repetitive TMS (HF-rTMS) to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is an approved option for the treatment of depression, but there is also much variability in the resulting antidepressant response. This variability is believed to arise from various factors, an important one of which being the method by which rTMS is targeted to the optimal stimulation site in the left...
Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience
June 2018
Nathaniel E Anderson, J Michael Maurer, Vaughn R Steele et al.
Psychopathy is a personality disorder accompanied by abnormalities in emotional processing and attention. Recent theoretical applications of network-based models of cognition have been used to explain the diverse range of abnormalities apparent in psychopathy. Still, the physiological basis for these abnormalities is not well understood. A significant body of work has examined...
Brain Imaging and Behavior
June 1, 2018
Xuejuan Yang, Jie Gong, Lingmin Jin et al.
The effects of acupuncture can be characterized by clear individual differences. Several revealing studies suggest an underlying role of inherited genetic factor in interindividual variability in response to acupuncture treatment. It remains unclear, however, if the modulation of acupuncture on resting brain function is influenced by genetic factors. Catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT)...
BMC Neuroscience
May 31, 2018
Kenji Ishibashi, Keita Sakurai, Keigo Shimoji et al.
Background: The functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) decreases in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) as well as in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Altered functional connectivity of the DMN is associated with cognitive impairment. T2DM is a known cause of cognitive dysfunction and dementia in the elderly, and studies have established that T2DM is a risk...