Neuropharmacology
January 2019
Rocio Saravia, Marc Ten-Blanco, Marina Julià-Hernández et al.
Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) consumption during adolescence is reported to be a risk factor for the appearance of psychiatric disorders later in life. The interaction between genetic or environmental events and cannabinoid exposure in the adolescent period can also contribute to exacerbate behavioural deficits in adulthood. Here we investigate the effects of THC treatment as well as the...
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
2019
Grace Blest‐hopley, Vincent Giampietro, Sagnik Bhattacharyya
HighlightsAdolescent abstinent cannabis users showed significantly greater activation in the dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices compared to controls.Adolescent users showed increased activation in regions involved in executive functioning, attentional control and the default mode network compared to non‐using controls.No significant group differences in...
The Science of Marijuana
2019
Leslie Iversen
Abstract The 19th century was a great era for plant chemistry. Many complex drug molecules, known as alkaloids, were isolated and identified from plants. This chapter discusses the history of the discovery of delta-9-tetrahyrocannabinol (THC) as the psychoactive substance in cannabis products and also the discovery of the cannabinoid receptors CB-1 and CB-2 in the body and brain. The mechanism...
The Science of Marijuana
2019
Leslie Iversen
Abstract Although there is currently only limited knowledge of how activation of the CB-1 receptor in brain leads to the many actions of THC, some general features of cannabinoid control mechanisms are emerging. This chapter discusses THC in relation to the inhibition of neurotransmitter release, cardiovascular effects, effects on motility and pain, and behavioral models including the “Billy...
American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
2019
José Manuel Bertolín Guillén
Background. It is scientifically undeniable that there is a relationship between cannabis use, psychoses of different types and other mental disorders. Frequent use of cannabis as well as high potency synthetic cannabis has special clinical significance for public health. Method. A review of the best and most current specialized literature published in order to clarify possible controversies...
Schizophrenia Research: Cognition
December 11, 2018
Luccas Coutinho, Hianna Honorato, Cinthia Hiroko Higuchi et al.
8 citations
INTRODUCTION: Cannabis use increases the risk of developing psychosis, and subjects with psychosis are more likely to use cannabis. However, studies on the influence of cannabis on psychotic dimensions, response to treatment, and functional outcomes showed conflicting results. Such heterogeneity may be due the inclusion of patients who were already under treatment, and lack of specificity in...
December 7, 2018
Cannabis use beginning during adolescence may be associated with long-term cognitive impairment Cannabis use impairs driving ability by altering reaction time, judgement and motor coordination, and by distorting perception of time and distance
December 7, 2018
The endocannabinoid system consists of: CB1 and CB2 receptors Endogenous ligands such as anandamide, 2‐arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) Synthetic cannabinoids are CB1 full agonists, their effect is even stronger than Sinsemilla The presence of cardiovascular symptoms can help identify synthetic cannabinoid toxicity
December 7, 2018
Cannabis use is a risk factor for psychotic illness Sinsemilla and synthetic cannabinoids carry the highest risk Heavy, daily patterns of use beginning in adolescence are a particular concern Cannabis can cause acute anxiety and panic reactions Data on anxiety disorders is inconsistent
Journal of Ethnopharmacology
December 5, 2018
Sara Anna Bonini, Marika Premoli, Simone Tambaro et al.
669 citations
Cannabis sativa L. (C. sativa) is an annual dioecious plant, which shares its origins with the inception of the first agricultural human societies in Asia. Over the course of time different parts of the plant have been utilized for therapeutic and recreational purposes, for instance, extraction of healing oils from seed, or the use of inflorescences for their psychoactive effects. The key...