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Nature Precedings November 18, 2010 Rodrick Wallace
Abstract The Stanley Miller experiment suggests that amino acid-based life is ubiquitous in our universe, although its varieties are not likely to have followed the particular, highly contingent and path-dependent, trajectory found on Earth. Are many of these life forms likely to be conscious in ways that we would recognize? Almost certainly. Will many conscious entities develop high order...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences November 15, 2010 Arash Sahraie, Paul B Hibbard, Ceri T Trevethan et al.
At suprathreshold levels, detection and awareness of visual stimuli are typically synonymous in nonclinical populations. But following postgeniculate lesions, some patients may perform above chance in forced-choice detection paradigms, while reporting not to see the visual events presented within their blind field. This phenomenon, termed "blindsight," is intriguing because it demonstrates a...
Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry November 15, 2010 Jerome Sarris, E. LaPorte, Isaac Schweitzer 157 citations
OVERVIEW: Kava (Piper methysticum) is a South Pacific psychotropic plant medicine that has anxiolytic activity. This effect is achieved from modulation of GABA activity via alteration of lipid membrane structure and sodium channel function, monoamine oxidase B inhibition, and noradrenaline and dopamine re-uptake inhibition. Kava is available over the counter in jurisdictions such as the USA,...
International journal of cardiology November 5, 2010 Caroline Peressutti, Juan M Martín-González, Juan M García-Manso et al.
The dynamic interactions among physiological rhythms imbedded in the heart rate signal can give valuable insights into autonomic modulation in conditions of reduced outward attention. Therefore, in this study we analyzed the heart rate variability (HRV) in different levels of practice in Zen meditation (Zazen). Nineteen subjects with variable experience took part in this study. In four special...
Progress in Neurobiology November 2010 Matthijs G. Bossong, Raymond J.m. Niesink
Cannabis use during adolescence increases the risk of developing psychotic disorders later in life. However, the neurobiological processes underlying this relationship are unknown. This review reports the results of a literature search comprising various neurobiological disciplines, ultimately converging into a model that might explain the neurobiology of cannabis-induced schizophrenia. The...
Schizophrenia Research October 30, 2010 Michael T Compton, Beth Broussard, Claire E. Ramsay et al.
Introduction Limited research indicates that pre-illness cannabis use may result in an earlier age at onset of psychosis, though little is known about the influence of prior cannabis use on the premorbid and prodromal phases. This study examined effects of prior or concurrent cannabis (as well as nicotine and alcohol) use on: (1) early adolescent (12–15 years) premorbid functioning, (2) late...
Advances in Consciousness Research October 28, 2010
A fascinating cornucopia of new ideas, based on fundamentals of neurobiology, psychology, psychiatry and therapy, this book extends boundaries of current concepts of consciousness. Its eclectic mix will simulate and challenge not only neuroscientists and psychologists but entice others interested in exploring consciousness. Contributions from top researchers in consciousness and related fields...
Advances in Consciousness Research October 28, 2010 Kai Vogeley
Experiencing oneself as autonomous agent who interacts with others depends on the cognitive capacities of self-consciousness as awareness of ones own mental states and social consciousness as knowledge of other persons minds. The study of neural correlates of these capacities elicits an impressive overlap with the so-called “default mode of brain function” as a neurobiological universal of...
Advances in Consciousness Research October 28, 2010 Allan Hobson, Ursula Voss
In this essay, we develop our working hypothesis that consciousness in primates and humans is a state-dependent commodity that has at least two expressions. Waking and dreaming are two such states that differ in conscious awareness. In both states, we are perceptive and emotional. Whereas in dreaming, our thoughts are delusional, however, waking consciousness potentiates volition and...
Industrial Robot the international journal of robotics research and application October 19, 2010 16 citations
It is almost universally agreed that consciousness and possession of a conscience are essential characteristics of human intelligence. While some believe it to be impossible to create artificial beings possessing these traits, and conclude that ultimate major goal of Artificial Intelligence is hopeless, this book demonstrates that not only is it possible to create entities with capabilities in...