Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP
April 1, 2011
Jan Van Amsterdam, Antoon Opperhuizen, Wim van den Brink
208 citations
In 2007, the Minister of Health of the Netherlands requested the CAM (Coordination point Assessment and Monitoring new drugs) to assess the overall risk of magic mushrooms. The present paper is an updated redraft of the review, written to support the assessment by CAM experts. It summarizes the literature on physical or psychological dependence, acute and chronic toxicity, risk for public...
Mitochondrion
March 29, 2011
Orlagh M Kelly, Yvonne M McNamara, Lars H Manzke et al.
Previous researchers have demonstrated that 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) induced hyperthermia, in skeletal muscle of animals, is uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) dependent. In light of our investigations that in vivo phosphorylation of UCP1 is augmented under conditions of cold-acclimation, we set out to investigate whether (a) UCP3 was phosphorylated in vivo and (b) whether in vivo...
The Open Addiction Journal
March 29, 2011
Jillian Helen Broadbear
1 citation
The Second International MDMA conference in Australasia was held at Monash University in Melbourne on July 18th-19th 2010.Research from over twenty universities was presented, in a program which included both oral papers and posters.The first Australasian MDMA conference was held earlier at the Brain Sciences Institute, Swinburne University, also in Melbourne.All attendees were active MDMA...
The Open Addiction Journal
March 29, 2011
Abdallah Salem
1 citation
Project Background The main MDMA-induced adverse effect is disruption of normal thermoregulation leading to life threatening hyperthermia which is exacerbated by high ambient temperature and linked to chronic neurotoxicity. Although the focus of the majority of research on MDMAinduced loss of thermoregulation has been on brain serotonergic and dopaminergic systems, results obtained from our...
Brain Research
March 25, 2011
Lívia Carla de Melo Rodrigues, Catarine Lima Conti, Ester Miyuki Nakamura-Palacios
Marijuana (Cannabis sativa) is one of the most widely used illicit drugs in the world. Its use is associated with impairments in cognitive function. We previously reported that Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ(9)-THC), the primary psychoactive component of marijuana, impaired spatial working memory in the radial maze task when injected intracortically (IC) into the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)...
Neuroscience
March 17, 2011
H Kamiyama, M Matsumoto, S Otani et al.
The non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic capable of inducing analgesia, is known to have psychotomimetic actions, but the detailed mechanisms remain unclear because of its complex properties. The present study elucidated neural mechanisms of the effect of ketamine, at doses that exert psychotomimetic effects without anesthetic and...
African Research Review
March 17, 2011
Bac Obiefuna
This paper is a theoretical presentation of religious experience as thefundamental element of religion and in the study of religion(s). It states that religion or religiousness is a characteristic of human beings who have an attraction to an objective reality outside of humans but considered Ultimate, Divine, and Sacred in essence and action. Humans generally consider themselves dependent on...
March 3, 2011
Cheryl L. Fracasso, H. Friedman
Claims from those having near-death experiences (NDEs), as well as those sympathetic to such claims, challenge the prevailing assumption that consciousness is dependent on a functioning brain. Extant theories, both neurobiological and psychosocial, that attempt to explain NDEs are examined and found unable to adequately account for the full range of NDE reports, especially electromagnetic...
NeuroQuantology
March 2, 2011
Stanley Krippner, Dustin Dunbar
3 citations
Ecstasy (from the Greek, ekstasis: distraction; derangement; astonishment) is defined by dictionaries as (1) an emotional state so intense that one is carried beyond rational thought or self-control; (2) rapture associated with mystical experience. In this essay, we take the position that “addiction” is a social construct, a term that reflects a societal convention as much or more so that its...
Journal of Neuroscience
March 2, 2011
Robert Leech, Salwa Kamourieh, Christian Beckmann et al.
801 citations
The posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) is a central part of the default mode network (DMN) and part of the structural core of the brain. Although the PCC often shows consistent deactivation when attention is focused on external events, anatomical studies show that the region is not homogeneous, and electrophysiological recordings in nonhuman primates suggest that it is directly involved in some...