Effectiveness of providing university students with a mindfulness-based intervention to increase resilience to stress: 1-year follow-up of a pragmatic randomised controlled trial
Julieta Galante, Jan Stochl, Géraldine Dufour, Maris Vainre, Adam P. Wagner, Peter B. Jones
Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health September 10, 2020 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-214390 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Randomized controlled trial Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 616 |
| Population | University of Cambridge students without severe mental illness or crisis |
| Duration | 8-week intervention, 1-year follow-up |
| Topics | Meditation |
| Keywords | Mental health Psychological resilience Randomized controlled trial Distress Clinical psychology Intervention counseling Workload Psychotherapist |
| Citations | 69 |
| Key findings | Mindfulness training improved psychological distress and mental well-being for up to one year compared to usual support, with larger effects during stressful periods. |
Abstract
Background: There is concern that increasing demand for student mental health services reflects deteriorating student well-being. We designed a pragmatic, parallel, single-blinded randomised controlled trial hypothesising that providing mindfulness courses to university students would promote their resilience to stress up to a year later. Here we present 1-year follow-up outcomes.
Methods: University of Cambridge students without severe mental illness or crisis were randomised (1:1, remote software-generated random numbers), to join an 8-week mindfulness course adapted for university students (Mindfulness Skills for Students (MSS)), or to mental health support as usual (SAU).
Results: We randomised 616 students; 53% completed the 1-year follow-up questionnaire. Self-reported psychological distress and mental well-being improved in the MSS arm for up to 1 year compared to SAU (p<0.001). Effects were smaller than during the examination period. No significant differences between arms were detected in the use of University Counselling Service and other support resources, but there was a trend for MSS participants having milder needs. There were no differences in students' workload management; MSS participants made more donations. Home practice had positive dose-response effects; few participants meditated. No adverse effects related to self-harm, suicidality or harm to others were detected.
Conclusion: Loss to follow-up is a limitation, but evidence suggests beneficial effects on students' average psychological distress that last for at least a year. Effects are on average larger at stressful times, consistent with the hypothesis that this type of mindfulness training increases resilience to stress.
Trial Registration: NUMBER: ACTRN12615001160527.