bioRxiv
November 11, 2020
Timo Stein, Daniel Kaiser, Johannes J Fahrenfort et al.
preprint
The study of unconscious processing requires a measure of conscious awareness. Awareness measures can be either subjective (based on participant’s report) or objective (based on perceptual performance). The preferred awareness measure depends on the theoretical position about consciousness, and may influence conclusions about the extent of unconscious processing and about the neural correlates...
bioRxiv
July 9, 2020
Josipa Alilovic, Heleen A. Slagter, Simon van Gaal
preprint
Predictions in the visual domain have been shown to modulate conscious access. Yet, little is known about how predictions may do so and to what extent they need to be consciously implemented to be effective. To address this, we administered an attentional blink (AB) task in which target 1 (T1) identity predicted target 2 (T2) identity, while participants rated their perceptual awareness of...
bioRxiv
May 30, 2020
Veith Weilnhammer, Merve Fritsch, Meera Chikermane et al.
preprint
2 In the search for the neural correlates of consciousness, it has remained controversial whether prefrontal cortex determines what is consciously experienced or, alternatively, serves only complementary functions such as introspection or action. Here, we provide converging evidence from computational modeling and two functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments for a key role of inferior...
bioRxiv
May 19, 2020
Angus Leung, Dror Cohen, Bruno van Swinderen et al.
preprint
The physical basis of consciousness remains one of the most elusive concepts in current science. One influential conjecture is that consciousness is to do with some form of causality, measurable through information. The integrated information theory of consciousness (IIT) proposes that conscious experience, filled with rich and specific content, corresponds directly to a hierarchically...
bioRxiv
April 24, 2020
Janis Hesse, Doris Y Tsao
preprint
A powerful paradigm to identify the neural correlates of consciousness is binocular rivalry, wherein a constant visual stimulus evokes a varying conscious percept. It has recently been suggested that activity modulations observed during rivalry could represent the act of report rather than the conscious percept itself. Here, we performed single-unit recordings from face patches in macaque...
bioRxiv
April 21, 2020
Matthew J Davidson, Will Mithen, Hinze Hogendoorn et al.
preprint
Although visual awareness of an object typically increases neural responses, we identify a neural response that increases prior to perceptual disappearances , and that scales with the amount of invisibility reported during perceptual filling-in. These findings challenge long-held assumptions regarding the neural correlates of consciousness and entrained visually evoked potentials, by showing...
bioRxiv
December 20, 2019
Martin Grund, Norman Forschack, Till Nierhaus et al.
preprint
Theories of human consciousness substantially vary in the proposed spatial extent of brain activity associated with conscious perception as well as in the assumed functional alterations within the involved brain regions. Here, we investigate which local and global changes in brain activity accompany conscious somatosensory perception following electrical finger nerve stimulation, and whether...
bioRxiv
December 18, 2019
JeYoung Jung, A. Bungert, R. Bowtell et al.
preprint
Stimulating the primary motor cortex (M1) using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) causes unique multisensory experience such as the targeted muscle activity, afferent/reafferent sensory feedback, tactile sensation over the scalp and ‘click’ sound. Although the human M1 has been intensively investigated using TMS, the experience of the M1 stimulation has not been elucidated at the whole...
bioRxiv
November 29, 2019
Theodoros Karapanagiotidis, Elizabeth Jefferies, Jonathan Smallwood
preprint
Cognition is not always directed to the events in the here and now and we often self-generate thoughts and images in imagination. Important aspects of these self-generated experiences are associated with various dispositional traits. In this study, we explored whether these psychological associations relate to a common underlying neurocognitive mechanism. We acquired resting state functional...
bioRxiv
November 2, 2019
Roberto Limongi, P. Jeon, Michael Mackinley et al.
preprint
In the dysconnection hypothesis, psychosis is caused by NMDA hypofunction resulting in aberrant network connectivity. Combining a cognitive-control task, functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and functional magnetic resonance imaging, we tested this hypothesis in the salience network of 20 first-episode psychosis (FEP) and 20 healthy control (HC) subjects. Across groups, glutamate...
bioRxiv
July 18, 2019
preprint
Neural correlates of the DMT experience as assessed via multivariate EEG
bioRxiv
June 7, 2019
Shogo Kajimura, Naoki Masuda, J. K. Lau et al.
preprint
Research has shown that mindfulness meditation not only improves our cognitive and motivational functioning (e.g., attention, mental health), it influences the way how our brain networks [e.g., default mode network (DMN), front-parietal network (FPN), and sensory-motor network (SMN)] function and operate. However, surprisingly little attention has been paid to the possibility that mindfulness...
bioRxiv
October 13, 2018
Neil W. Bailey, Kavya Raj, Gabrielle Freedman et al.
preprint
Mindfulness meditation may improve attention and self-regulation. One component of attention and self-regulation that may allow these improvements is performance monitoring. Neural correlates of performance monitoring can be objectively measured with electroencephalogram (EEG) via the error related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe). Previous research assessing the ERN and Pe in...
bioRxiv
June 29, 2018
Kaili-Larissa Martin, Farah Jindani, N. Turner et al.
preprint
The use of mindfulness meditation (MM) in the treatment of problem gambling (PG), has been used effectively for over five years. However, the neural mechanisms responsible for the improvements are unknown. The literature describes healthy individuals with an increase in alpha power and a decrease in alpha frequency after eight weeks of mindfulness meditation, but it is unknown if changes are...
bioRxiv
June 12, 2018
Aditya Singh, Tracy Erwin-Grabner, Grant Sutcliffe et al.
preprint
High frequency repetitive TMS (HF-rTMS) to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is an approved option for the treatment of depression, but there is also much variability in the resulting antidepressant response. This variability is believed to arise from various factors, an important one of which being the method by which rTMS is targeted to the optimal stimulation site in the left...
bioRxiv
March 22, 2018
Carl J. Hodgetts, Jonathan P. Shine, Huw Williams et al.
preprint
Young adult APOE -ε4 carriers show increased activity in posterior regions of the default mode network (pDMN), but how this is related to structural connectivity is unknown. Thirty young adults (half APOE -ε4 carriers, the other half APOE -ε3ε3/ε2ε3; mean age 20 years) were scanned using both diffusion and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Diffusion tractography was used to quantify the...
bioRxiv
November 30, 2017
Gina Griffioen, Granville James Matheson, Simon Cervenka et al.
preprint
Objective: A putative relationship between markers for the serotonin system and the personality scale self-transcendence (ST) and its subscale spiritual acceptance (SA) has been demonstrated in a previous PET study of 5-HT 1A receptor binding in healthy control subjects. The results could however not be replicated in a subsequent PET study at an independent centre. In this study, we performed a...