Detecting LSD in biological samples is difficult because the drug is taken in very small amounts, breaks down quickly in the body, and resembles other similar compounds. This review examined published analytical methods from 1978 to 2025 for measuring LSD and its metabolites in blood, urine, hair, oral fluid, and vitreous humor. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is the most sensitive and widely validated technique, but there are inconsistencies in how methods are validated for different sample types and in how they account for sample degradation. Few studies meet modern forensic validation standards, which limits the reliability of results in legal cases. The review identifies a need for standardized, rapid, and environmentally friendly methods that can detect LSD and its analogs at extremely low levels.
Mindfulness-integrated cognitive behavior therapy (MICBT) reduced obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms in patients with predominant obsessions and few or no overt compulsions. Of 27 patients, 18 (67%) achieved remission—defined as a 55% reduction in Yale–Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale severity score—at 3-month follow-up. The average reduction in obsessive severity was 56% at post-treatment and 63% at follow-up. The authors conclude that MICBT is efficacious for this population and call for a larger randomized controlled trial.
Meditation practitioners scored higher on psychological well-being, sub-consciousness, and super-consciousness than non-practitioners. Among 405 practitioners of Heartfulness, Vipassana, Heart-based Dhyan, Raj Yog, Transcendental Meditation, and Osho meditation, those practicing Heartfulness, Vipassana, and Heart-based Dhyan showed the best outcomes. Non-practitioners reported the lowest levels across all measures.