Comparative analysis of meditation techniques on well-being and consciousness states: A cross-sectional study
Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice February 24, 2026 Ajay Kumar, R. Chaturvedi, Kushendra Mishra et al.
Meditation practitioners scored higher on psychological well-being, sub-consciousness, and super-consciousness than non-practitioners. Among 405 practitioners of Heartfulness, Vipassana, Heart-based Dhyan, Raj Yog, Transcendental Meditation, and Osho meditation, those practicing Heartfulness, Vipassana, and Heart-based Dhyan showed the best outcomes. Non-practitioners reported the lowest levels across all measures.