Enquadramento: A psilocibina, composto psicoativo de cogumelos Psilocybe, tem sido estudada pelo potencial terapêutico em perturbações neuropsiquiátricas [1]. Contudo, continuam escassos os dados pré-clínicos que comparem psilocibina isolada e extratos integrais, sobretudo quanto ao reforço comportamental e toxicidade periférica [2,3]. Objetivo: Comparar os efeitos comportamentais e...
Enquadramento: A psilocibina, composto psicoativo principal de cogumelos Psilocybe, tem suscitado interesse pelo potencial terapêutico em perturbações neuropsiquiátricas [1]. Para além dos efeitos centrais, a evidência sobre o eixo intestino-cérebro sugere que os psicadélicos podem influenciar a microbiota intestinal. Extratos integrais contêm compostos bioativos adicionais, mas os dados...
Psilocybin is a hallucinogen produced by “magic mushrooms”, being rapidly metabolized in the organism into psilocin (Brito-da-Costa et al., 2022; Dinis-Oliveira, 2017). A scientific gap exists regarding the possible interactions between psilocybin/psilocin and CYP450 enzymes. Given their biological importance and since the binding of drugs to CYP450 enzymes can interfere with the metabolism of...
Introduction: Psilocybin, the main psychoactive compound in Psilocybe mushrooms, has attracted interest for its potential therapeutic effects in neuropsychiatric disorders (Erkizia-Santamaría et al., 2025). However, preclinical data comparing its behavioral properties to whole mushroom extracts remain limited (Ali et al., 2023; Johnson-Groh, 2025). Objective: To investigate the reinforcing and...
Psilocybin, psilocin, 5-MeO-DMT, LSD and mescaline are classical hallucinogens whose recreational use has increased over recent decades (Brito-da-Costa et al., 2021; Dinis-Oliveira et al., 2019; Holze et al., 2021; Jiang et al., 2013). However, data on their interactions with cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes remain scarce, despite the potential for clinically relevant drug–drug interactions....
Background: Psilocybin, the main psychoactive compound found in Psilocybe mushrooms, has gained increasing attention due to its potential therapeutic effects in neuropsychiatric disorders [1]. Beyond its central effects, increasing evidence highlights the relevance of the gut–brain axis, suggesting that psychedelics may also influence intestinal microbiota composition. Whole mushroom extracts...
Background: Psilocybin, a key psychoactive compound found in Psilocybe mushrooms, has gained increasing attention due to its therapeutic potential in neuropsychiatric disorders [1]. However, comparative preclinical data between isolated psilocybin and whole mushroom extracts remain scarce, particularly regarding behavioural reinforcement and peripheral toxicity [2,3]. Objective: To compare the...
Background: Psilocybin is a psychoactive compound found in hallucinogenic mushrooms and is rapidly dephosphorylated in vivo to psilocin, its pharmacologically active metabolite. Despite the growing clinical and scientific interest in these substances, information regarding their interaction with cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes remains scarce, raising concerns about potential drug–drug...
Psychedelic compounds, including psilocybin, psilocin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), and mescaline, have long been recognized for their recreational effects and involvement in forensic cases. They have recently gained attention also for their potential therapeutic applications in treating neurological and psychiatric disorders [1]. Despite this...
Salvia divinorum Epling and Játiva is a perennial mint from the Lamiaceae family, endemic to Mexico, predominantly from the state of Oaxaca. Due to its psychoactive properties, S. divinorum had been used for centuries by Mazatecans for divinatory, religious, and medicinal purposes. In recent years, its use for recreational purposes, especially among adolescents and young adults, has...