Drug and Alcohol Dependence
January 12, 2007
Kelly J. Clemens, Jennifer L. Cornish, Glenn E. Hunt et al.
In recent work we have documented lasting adverse neurochemical and behavioural effects in rats given short-term 'binge' dosing with methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy), methamphetamine (METH) or their combination. Here we investigated whether similar effects persist in rats given 16 weekly injections followed by a 10 week period of abstinence. Female rats received MDMA (8 mg/kg,...
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
2007
Kelly Allott, Jennifer Redman
Sex has been identified as an important factor in moderating the effects of several drugs of abuse. Given the increasing popularity of ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine [MDMA]) use, it is important for researchers and clinicians to understand the factors that may influence its pharmacological actions to improve education, harm reduction and treatment efforts. This review focuses on...
Psychopharmacology
January 2007
Q David Walker, Christina N Williams, Rakesh P Jotwani et al.
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; "Ecstasy") use has been associated with acute toxicities and persistent depletion of the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT). This study investigates whether sex differences in the acute and long-term effects of MDMA exist. Male and female rats received saline or 15 mg/kg MDMA, ip, bid for 4 days. Temperature was monitored on days 1 and 4. Locomotor...
Psychopharmacology
January 2007
Manuel E. Tancer, Chris‐ellyn Johanson
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of serotonin (5-HT) in the effects of oral 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in humans. The subjective and physiological effects of 1.5 mg/kg MDMA were evaluated after 20 mg fluoxetine in eight recreational MDMA users in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. During phase 1, participants were maintained on placebo for at least 5...
Psychopharmacology
January 2007
Ronald L Cowan
Determining whether, under what circumstances, and to what extent 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) exposure produces chronic changes in human brain function is a critical public health issue. MDMA is a widely used recreational drug commonly sold as "Ecstasy". Because findings from the animal literature have indicated that specific dosage regimens of MDMA can produce long-lasting...
The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine
2007
Helané Wahbeh, Carlo Calabrese, Heather Zwickey
Binaural beat technology (BBT) products are sold internationally as personal development and health improvement tools. Producers suggest benefit from regular listening to binaural beats including reduced stress and anxiety, and increased focus, concentration, motivation, confidence, and depth in meditation. Binaural beats are auditory brainstem responses that originate in the superior olivary...
Drug and Alcohol Review
2007
Kelly J. Clemens, Iain S. Mcgregor, Glenn E. Hunt et al.
55 citations
Abstract The substituted amphetamines 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘Ecstasy’) and methamphetamine (METH, ‘ice’, ‘speed’) are increasingly popular drugs amongst party‐drug users. Studies with humans have investigated the acute and possible long‐term adverse effects of these drugs, yet outcomes of such studies are often ambiguous due to a variety of confounding factors. Studies...
Meet Me with Your Black Drawers On
December 31, 2006
L. M. Robinson
alive, as did everyday experience. After I came down from the LSD trip, I was deliberately determined to hold onto that freedom—adetermination informed by a structural psychological awareness that had been obtained in the intensity of my earlier psychotherapy experience.My subsequent introduction tomarijuana freed me of physical and sexual awkwardness, turned me onto intimate discourse,...
Addiction
December 20, 2006
Robert S. Gable
240 citations
ABSTRACT Aim To extend previous reviews by assessing the acute systemic toxicity and psychological hazards of a dimethyltryptamine and β‐carboline brew (ayahuasca/hoasca) used in religious ceremonies. Method A systematic literature search, supplemented by interviews with ceremony participants. Results No laboratory animal models were located that tested the acute toxicity or the abuse potential...
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
November 8, 2006
Débora González, Jordi Riba, José Carlos Bouso et al.
163 citations
Salvia divinorum is a member of the Lamiaceae family and contains the psychotropic diterpene and kappa-opioid receptor agonist salvinorin-A. Originally a shamanic inebriant used by the Mexican Mazatec Indians, the plant and its preparations are becoming increasingly popular among non-traditional users. Demographic data and information on pattern of use and subjective effects were obtained by...