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August 16, 2013 Douglas Robinson
A new view of the extended mind thesis argues that a stark binary opposition between really extending and seeming to extend oversimplifies the issue. The extended-mind thesis (EMT), usually attributed to Andy Clark and David Chalmers, proposes that in specific kinds of mind-body-world interaction there emerges an extended cognitive system incorporating such extracranial supports as pencils,...
PLoS One August 15, 2013 Jeongkyu Shin, George A. Mashour, Seungwoo Ku et al. 16 citations
General anesthesia significantly alters brain network connectivity. Graph-theoretical analysis has been used extensively to study static brain networks but may be limited in the study of rapidly changing brain connectivity during induction of or recovery from general anesthesia. Here we introduce a novel method to study the temporal evolution of network modules in the brain. We recorded...
August 9, 2013 James Fadiman, Andrew Kornfeld
This chapter considers how psychedelic substances affect consciousness, using the lens of a transpersonal approach to psychology. Transpersonal psychology's point of view is especially suitable to grapple with this question due not only to its continuing interest in altered states of consciousness, but also to its long-standing relationship with psychedelic research. Mainstream psychology has...
Neural Networks August 1, 2013 James A. Reggia 186 citations
Efforts to create computational models of consciousness have accelerated over the last two decades, creating a field that has become known as artificial consciousness. There have been two main motivations for this controversial work: to develop a better scientific understanding of the nature of human/animal consciousness and to produce machines that genuinely exhibit conscious awareness. This...
July 25, 2013 Thomas Natsoulas
This book describes and proposes an unusual integrative approach to human perception that qualifies as both an ecological and a phenomenological approach at the same time. Thomas Natsoulas shows us how our consciousness - in three of six senses of the word that the book identifies - is involved in our activity of perceiving the one and only world that exists, which includes oneself as a proper...
Antropologia e Teatro July 19, 2013 Gabriele Sofia 2 citations
Abstract – IT Lo studio della relazione attore-spettatore può essere oggi approfondita alla luce dei nuovi modelli cognitivi. Questi modelli, legati in diversi modi alle proposte di embodied mind e alla neurofenomenologia introdotta da Varela negli anni ’90, hanno operato tre cambiamenti di paradigma fondamentali per lo studio della relazione teatrale: 1. esiste una connessione diretta tra...
Frontiers in Psychology July 16, 2013 David Kahn
Through dreaming, a different facet of the self is created as a result of a self-organizing process in the brain. Self-organization in biological systems often happens as an answer to an environmental change for which the existing system cannot cope; self-organization creates a system that can cope in the newly changed environment. In dreaming, self-organization serves the function of...
Frontiers in Psychology July 10, 2013 Jean Askenasy, Joseph Lehmann
Subjectivity, intentionality, self-awareness and will are major components of consciousness in human beings. Changes in consciousness and its content following different brain processes and malfunction have long been studied. Cognitive sciences assume that brain activities have an infrastructure, but there is also evidence that consciousness itself may change this infrastructure. The two-way...
Cerebral Cortex July 10, 2013 Gustavo Deco, P. Hagmann, Anthony G. Hudetz et al. 99 citations
The transition from wakefulness to sleep represents the most conspicuous change in behavior and the level of consciousness occurring in the healthy brain. It is accompanied by similarly conspicuous changes in neural dynamics, traditionally exemplified by the change from "desynchronized" electroencephalogram activity in wake to globally synchronized slow wave activity of early sleep. However,...
July 7, 2013 Gabriel Jucá de Hollanda
Cognitive neuroscience is the discipline that merges two influential ideas: 1) The mind is an information-processing engine that builds representations of the world and 2) The brain is the locus of all mental activity. Scientists in this field expect to obtain a comprehensive account of our cognitive capacities through the use of imaging techniques such as PET (positron emission tomography) and...