Molecular Pharmacology
June 29, 2020
Jamie A. Abbott, Gabriela K Popescu
Ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic, is experiencing a clinical resurgence as a fast-acting antidepressant. In the central nervous system, ketamine acts primarily by blocking NMDA receptor currents. Although it is generally safe in a clinical setting, it can be addictive, and several of its derivatives are being investigated as preferable alternatives. 2R,6R-Hydroxynorketamine (HNK), a ketamine...
Neurotoxicology
June 24, 2020
A. C. Ribeiro, Jackie Zhu, Mohamad M. Kronfol et al.
Exposure to organophosphates (OP) during the First Gulf War is among one of the factors for Gulf War Illness (GWI) development in veterans and it has been challenging to treat GWI symptoms with existing therapies. Ketamine produces a rapid-onset and sustained antidepressant response, but there is no evidence whether ketamine treatment is effective for GWI depression. Repeated, low-dose exposure...
Molecular Brain
June 16, 2020
L. Aleksandrova, Y. Wang, A. Phillips
87 citations
Accumulating evidence implicates dysregulation of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in the pathophysiology of depression. However, the effects of ketamine on synaptic plasticity and their contribution to its mechanism of action as an antidepressant, are still unclear. We investigated ketamine’s effects on in vivo dorsal hippocampal (dHPC) synaptic plasticity and their role in mediating aspects of...
Kosmos
April 11, 2020
Alicja Anna Binkowska, Aneta Brzezicka
1 citation
Marihuana jest obecnie jedną z najpopularniejszych i najczęściej zażywanych substancji psychoaktywnych na świecie. Konopie indyjskie, z których produkuje się marihuanę, zawierają ponad 140 różnych związków aktywnych ? kannabinoidów. Najbardziej znane kanabinoidy to tetrahydrokannabinol (THC) i kannabidiol (CBD). Kannabinoidy działają na układ endokannabinoidowy odgrywający istotną rolę w...
Cerebral Cortex
March 21, 2020
Haiteng Jiang, Bin He, Xiaoli Guo et al.
40 citations
Despite accumulating evidence suggesting improvement in one's well-being as a result of meditation, little is known about if or how the brain and the periphery interact to produce these behavioral and mental changes. We hypothesize that meditation reflects changes in the neural representations of visceral activity, such as cardiac behavior, and investigated the integration of neural and...
Frontiers in Bioscience
March 1, 2020
Rui F. Afonso, Inessa Kraft, M. A. Aratanha et al.
Here, we review the neurophysiological and neuroimaging changes that mediation induces in structural and functional MRI. The available evidence from structural studies suggests that mediation impacts neuronal plasticity and the functional MRI suggest that there are changes in gray and white matter in subjects who meditate. FMRI studies show that meditation is associated with decreased activity...
Sports Medicine and Health Science
March 1, 2020
T. You, Elisa F. Ogawa
This paper provides a literature review of current studies investigating the effects of meditation and mind-body exercise on peripheral concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), an important mediator of the neuroplasticity of the central nervous system and cognitive function. A literature search was conducted to collect currently published randomized controlled, non-randomized...
Experimental Neurology
February 14, 2020
Sándor Nardai, Marcell J László, Attila Szabo et al.
91 citations
Background and purposeN,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is an endogenous ligand of the Sigma 1 receptor (Sig-1R) with documented in vitro cytoprotective properties against hypoxia. Our aim was to demonstrate the in vivo neuroprotective effect of DMT following ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat brain.MethodsTransient middle cerebral occlusion (MCAO) was induced for 60 min in male Wistar rats...
ACS Chemical Neuroscience
February 3, 2020
Jinghua Zhao, XueJie Liu, Daiyue Chang et al.
About 16% of the world's population has major depressive disorder. Traditional antidepressants have slow effect rates and low response rates. Many studies have shown that low doses of ketamine can produce rapid and effective antidepressant effects. However, its mechanism of action needs further exploration. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to establish a depression model in rats and PC12 nerve...
Neuropsychopharmacology
January 26, 2020
Adán de Salas-Quiroga, Daniel García-Rincón, Daniel Gómez-Domínguez et al.
84 citations
Abstract Prenatal exposure to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the most prominent active constituent of cannabis, alters neurodevelopmental plasticity with a long-term functional impact on adult offspring. Specifically, THC affects the development of pyramidal neurons and GABAergic interneurons via cannabinoid CB1 receptors (CB1R). However, the particular contribution of these two neuronal...