CureusNovember 2023Sultan M Alshahrani, Razan A Albrahim, Jana K Abukhlaled et al.
Background and aim Parasomnias are a group of sleep-related movements or emotions like sleepwalking, sleep talking, teeth grinding (Bruxism), nocturnal enuresis (sleep enuresis), sleep terrors (night terrors), sleep-related eating disorder (SRED), nightmare disorder, REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD), and confusional arousals. Parasomnias are more common in children than in adults. This study...
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with sleep disturbances including insomnia and nightmares. This study compared cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) with CBT-I combined with imagery rehearsal therapy (IRT) for nightmares to evaluate if the combined treatment led to greater reductions in trauma-related sleep disturbances in Australian veterans. Veterans with...
Night-time is a period of great significance for many people who report paranormal experiences. However, there is limited understanding of the associations between sleep variables and seemingly paranormal experiences and/or beliefs. The aim of this review is to improve our understanding of these associations while unifying a currently fragmented literature-base into a structured, practical...
Certain phenomena observed in a family or couple setting, which are manifestations of an individual intrapsychic world, can also be interpreted as the product of shared defence mechanisms and anxieties. In the dream reported by a family member, we can see both the intrapsychic dimension of the dreamer and the interpersonal dimension in which the dreamer participates, which is an expression of...
Consciousness has been proposed to be supported by electrophysiological patterns poised at criticality, a dynamical regime which exhibits adaptive computational properties, maximally complex patterns and divergent sensitivity to perturbation. Here, we investigated dynamical properties of the resting-state electroencephalogram of healthy subjects undergoing general anesthesia with propofol,...
The human brain displays a rich repertoire of states that emerge from the microscopic interactions of cortical and subcortical neurons. Difficulties inherent within large-scale simultaneous neuronal recording limit our ability to link biophysical processes at the microscale to emergent macroscopic brain states. Here we introduce a microscale biophysical network model of layer-5 pyramidal...
This study examines three of the most iconic sites associated with Islamic mysticism, or Sufism, in Ottoman Hungary.These are three mausoleums located in Buda, Pécs, and Turbék, near Zigetvár.The first two are the final resting places of the Sufi mystics known as Gül Baba and Idris Baba.The third is Sultan Süleyman's mausoleum next to a Sufi dervish lodge, the foundations of which were...
In this paper, I present a novel objection to Chalmers’s “master argument” against the privileged strategy of ‘type B’ physicalists to account for the explanatory gap (the “phenomenal concepts strategy”). Specifically, I argue that the second horn of the master argument gets wrong why zombies cannot have our epistemic situation with regard to consciousness. Zombies cannot have a kind of mental...
Both Heraclitus and Freud defined the dream as an a-social, ultimatively subjective experience. In literature and the arts, however, we find an impressive amount of dreams which are shared by two individuals independently of one another, and of collective dreams in which two or more individuals share the same dreamspace. After a short glance at supernatural dreams, the essay discusses the...
While consciousness never fades during wakefulness, there is a paradoxical coexistence of consciousness during dreaming states. It’s also possible for sensory awareness to be either present or absent when awakened from seemingly-identical states of sedation and anaesthesia. Traditionally, these states have been characterised in terms of their electroencephalographic neural correlates, however,...