A ayahuasca é uma bebida de origem tradicionalmente indígena, sua preparação resulta da associação de duas espécies vegetais principais: Banisteriopsis caapi, rica em alcaloides β-carbolínicos (harmina, harmalina e tetrahidro-harmina), e Psychotria viridis, que contém a N,N-dimetiltriptamina (DMT). Essa combinação promove efeitos psicotrópicos característicos devido à inibição da monoamina...
Minimal Phenomenal Experiences (MPEs) are states of consciousness in which wakefulness is preserved but phenomenal content is low or absent. The Entropic Brain Hypothesis (EBH) is a model of conscious processes that regards the entropy of spontaneous brain activity as a marker of 'phenomenal richness', exemplified by high-content psychedelic experiences (HCPEs). Yet recent human neuroimaging...
Phương pháp sắc ký lỏng ghép khối phổ hai lần (LC-MS/MS) đã được xây dựng và thẩm định nhằm định lượng đồng thời 04 chất ma túy nhóm tryptamin thế vị trí số 4 trên vòng indol (psilocin, psilocybin, 4-acetoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamin (4-AcO-DMT), 4-hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamin (4-OH-DiPT)) và chất chuyển hóa acid 4-hydroxyindol-3-acetic (4-HIAA) trong huyết tương người. Quá trình tách được thực...
BACKGROUND: Preliminary evidence examining ibogaine in neuropsychiatric and substance use disorders is accumulating. As patient interest and off-label use grow, clinicians require an understanding of emerging dosing strategies, investigational protocols, and reported adverse effects to appropriately counsel patients and contextualize potential risks and benefits. METHODS: Databases were...
Major depressive disorder (MDD) remains a global health burden, with over 60% of patients failing to respond adequately to current treatments. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD), a form of MDD, highlights the urgent need for mechanistically novel antidepressants. Psychoplastogens—a class of fast-acting compounds that promote neuroplasticity—are emerging as promising alternatives to...
Psilocybin, psilocin, 5-MeO-DMT, LSD and mescaline are classical hallucinogens whose recreational use has increased over recent decades (Brito-da-Costa et al., 2021; Dinis-Oliveira et al., 2019; Holze et al., 2021; Jiang et al., 2013). However, data on their interactions with cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes remain scarce, despite the potential for clinically relevant drug–drug interactions....
Abstract Introduction Ayahuasca is a psychoactive brew used in Amazonian ceremonies, containing monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) from Banisteriopsis caapi and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) from Psychotria viridis or Diplopterys cabrerana. Its global use has expanded for perceived antidepressant and anti-addictive effects. However, its MAOI content predisposes users to serotonergic toxicity...
Psilocybe mushrooms (psilocybin/psilocin [PSI/PSC]) and ayahuasca (N,N-dimethyltryptamine [DMT]) are hallucinogenic serotonergic agonists. Pregnant and lactating women are frequently omitted from clinical studies; hence minimal developmental/reproductive/neurotoxicity (DART/DNT) and endocrine disruption (ED) data in humans are available. Hallucinogens contaminated with pesticides may have...
Psychedelic drugs are serotonergic hallucinogens that can be divided into two types: naturally occurring (psilocybin, psilocin, and N,N-dimethyltryptamine) and synthetic (LSD, MDMA, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine, and ketamine). Psychedelics generally work on 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors and might be useful in cognitive enhancement, brain connectivity, neuroplasticity, and neuronal...
Serotonergic psychedelics such as N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and 4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (psilocybin) show therapeutic promise for psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders but may be limited by liabilities from serotonin (5-HT)-2A mediated psychoactive effects and potential cardiotoxicity via 5-HT2B activation. To address these limitations, we designed and synthesized...