Chemistry - A European Journal
July 16, 2018
Janis Fricke, Claudius Lenz, Jonas Wick et al.
52 citations
Abstract The fungal genus Psilocybe and other genera comprise numerous mushroom species that biosynthesize psilocybin (4‐phosphoryloxy‐ N , N ‐dimethyltryptamine). It represents the prodrug to its dephosphorylated psychotropic analogue, psilocin. The colloquial term “magic mushrooms” for these fungi alludes to their hallucinogenic effects and to their use as recreational drugs. However,...
Peshawar Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences
July 15, 2018
Wajeeha Sibghat-ullah, Iram Batool
The Study has been conducted to explore the relationship between mindfulness and depressive symptoms with mediating variable of Self-Compassion. The Objective of this study determines how mindfulness predicts depressive symptoms by taking account of self-compassion. The sample of three hundred and fifty 350 students was taken from Bahudin Zakriya university, Multan (Punjab, Pakistan). The...
Neuropharmacology
July 15, 2018
Ashley M Fortress, Ian M Smith, Kevin C H Pang
Anxiety disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) share a common feature of pathological avoidance behavior. The Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rat has been used as a model of anxiety vulnerability, expressing a behaviorally inhibited temperament, acquiring avoidance behavior more rapidly and displaying extinction-resistant avoidance compared to Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Subanesthetic levels of...
Neuropharmacology
July 15, 2018
Maria Amat-Foraster, Anders A. Jensen, Niels Plath et al.
Sub-anesthetic doses of the non-competitive N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) antagonist ketamine evoke transient psychotomimetic effects, followed by persistent antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant depressed patients and rodents through still poorly understood mechanisms. Since phencyclidine (PCP) disinhibits thalamo-cortical networks by blocking NMDA-Rs on GABAergic neurons of...
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
July 14, 2018
Kenji Hashimoto, Chun Yang
The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist (R,S)ketamine has been hailed as the most important advance in the treatment of depression for the past 50 years. The rapid and sustained antidepressant effects of (R,S)-ketamine have spurred a great deal of research interest, with growing off-label use for the treatment of depression, although the concerns about the safety of repeated...
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques
July 12, 2018
Ola Mioduszewski, Heather J. MacLean, Patricia A Poulin et al.
13 citations
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive, autoimmune, neurodegenerative disorder that can interfere with physical and psychological functioning, negatively affecting health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Fostering mindfulness may mitigate the negative consequences of MS on HRQoL. The relationship between mindfulness, mood and MS-related quality of life was investigated. In total, 52...
The Japanese Journal of Personality
July 12, 2018
Hirokazu Taniguchi
1 citation
College students practiced group-based mindfulness meditation training every day for two weeks. Fifteen students each in the training and control groups completed a questionnaire on stress responses four times (before training, one week after training began, and just after and two weeks after training ended). The trained students also answered a decentering measure at the same four times and...
BMC Psychiatry
July 12, 2018
Kathryn Fletcher, Fiona Foley, Neil Thomas et al.
39 citations
BACKGROUND: The primary objective of this randomised controlled trial (RCT) is to establish the effectiveness of a novel online quality of life (QoL) intervention tailored for people with late stage (≥ 10 episodes) bipolar disorder (BD) compared with psychoeducation. Relative to early stage individuals, this late stage group may not benefit as much from existing psychosocial treatments. The...
Multiple Sclerosis Journal
July 9, 2018
Angela Senders, Douglas Allen Hanes, Dennis N. Bourdette et al.
42 citations
Background: Mindfulness training is often used as a therapeutic intervention to manage stress and enhance emotional well-being, yet trials for multiple sclerosis (MS) are limited and few have used an active control. Objective: Assess the feasibility of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for people with MS and evaluate the efficacy of MBSR compared to an education control. Methods: We...
The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update
July 9, 2018
A proof‐of‐concept study involving 68 participants found that intranasal esketamine was more effective than placebo in the short term in reducing depressive symptoms in patients at imminent risk for suicide. Improvement over placebo was apparent four hours after administration — an important finding given that conventional treatments for depression take substantially longer to generate an...