Addiction
September 15, 2004
Stanley Zammit, Glyn Lewis
20 citations
Evidence for an association between cannabis use and psychosis continues to accumulate. A number of population-based longitudinal studies have found that cannabis use is associated with the later development of psychotic symptoms or psychotic diagnoses [1–6]. Studies of subjects with schizophrenia show associations between cannabis use and increased levels of positive symptoms [7,8] as well as...
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
August 16, 2004
John H. Halpern, Harrison G. Pope, Andrea R Sherwood et al.
A substantial literature suggests that users of illicit 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or "ecstasy") display residual cognitive deficits. Most MDMA users, however, use other illicit drugs as well, so it is difficult to be certain that these deficits are due to MDMA, as opposed to other drug use or additional confounding factors. We administered a battery of neuropsychological tests to...
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
August 2004
Harold Kalant
Recent research has clarified a number of important questions concerning adverse effects of cannabis on health. A causal role of acute cannabis intoxication in motor vehicle and other accidents has now been shown by the presence of measurable levels of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in the blood of injured drivers in the absence of alcohol or other drugs, by surveys of driving under the...
Cambridge University Press eBooks
May 27, 2004
Don H. Linszen, Bart D. Peters, Lieuwe de Haan
9 citations
As detailed elsewhere in this book (Chapter 3), cannabis has been used for centuries to produce euphoria and relaxation as desired mental effects. However, adverse effects of intoxication with cannabis include anxiety and panic (Thomas, 1996; Reilly et al. , 1998), depression (Bovasso, 2001; Patton et al. , 2002: see Chapter 4), and impairment in certain domains of cognitive function (see...
Journal of Sleep Research
May 26, 2004
Mark Blagrove, Laura Boyd Farmer, E. R. L. Williams
215 citations
Nightmares can be defined as very disturbing dreams, the events or emotions of which cause the dreamer to wake up. In contrast, unpleasant dreams can be defined in terms of a negative emotional rating of a dream, irrespective of whether or not the emotions or events of the dream woke the dreamer. This study addresses whether frequency of unpleasant dreams is a better index of low well-being...
Psychopharmacology
May 2004
K McCardle, S Luebbers, J D Carter et al.
It has been suggested that 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or ecstasy) causes damage to the serotonergic system, and that this damage results in cognitive and mood impairments. To examine the effect of chronic MDMA usage on a wide battery of cognitive tests and psychological abilities and processes. In the present study, the performance of 17 participants with a history of MDMA use was...
Medical Hypotheses
2004
F M Corrigan
Although psychotherapy is successful in altering emotional distress, the biological mechanism by which it achieves this has not been the subject of intensive neurobiological investigation. Mindful processing of emotion has been proposed [Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Depression, The Guilford Press, New York, 2002] to be a key factor in prevention of relapse in depressive illness and...
Neuropsychobiology
2004
Svenja Happe, Gerhard Klösch, Josef Zeitlhofer
Recent reports have led to the hypothesis of a central nervous system involvement in myasthenia gravis (MG). As the central cholinergic system also plays an important role in sleep/wake rhythms and in the regulation of REM sleep, sleep perception and dreaming may be altered in MG patients. Seventeen consecutive patients with MG (mean age 49.5 +/- 13.6 years) and 14 healthy controls (mean age...
CNS Drugs
2004
Daphne Simeon
Depersonalisation disorder is characterised by prominent depersonalisation and often derealisation, without clinically notable memory or identity disturbances. The disorder has an approximately 1 : 1 gender ratio with onset at around 16 years of age. The course of the disorder is typically long term and often continuous. Mood, anxiety and personality disorders are often comorbid with...
Neurotoxicity Research
2004
Jorge Manzanares, Leyre Urigüen, Gabriel Rubio et al.
In the last decade, a large number of studies using Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main active principle derivative of the marijuana plant, or cannabinoid synthetic derivatives have substantially contributed to advance the understanding of the pharmacology and neurobiological mechanisms produced by cannabinoid receptor activation. Cannabis has been historically used to relieve some of...