Harm Reduction Journal
September 4, 2017
Martin Andersson, Mari Persson, Anette Kjellgren
93 citations
BACKGROUND: Treatment resistant cluster headache and migraine patients are exploring alternative treatments online. The aim of this study was to improve comprehension regarding the use of non-established or alternative pharmacological treatments used by sufferers of cluster headaches and migraines. METHODS: A qualitative thematic analysis of the users' own accounts presented in online forum...
Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
September 1, 2017
Geneviève Lafaye, Laurent Karila, Lisa Blecha et al.
Cannabis (also known as marijuana) is the most frequently used illicit psychoactive substance in the world. Though it was long considered to be a “soft” drug, studies have proven the harmful psychiatric and addictive effects associated with its use. A number of elements are responsible for the increased complications of cannabis use, including the increase in the potency of cannabis and an...
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
September 1, 2017
Diana R Keith, Erik W. Gunderson, Margaret Haney et al.
Individuals who work nonstandard schedules, such as rotating or night shifts, are more susceptible to workplace injuries, performance decrements, and reduced productivity. This population is also almost twice as likely to use illicit drugs as individuals working a standard day shift. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of smoked marijuana on performance, mood, and sleep during...
Addiction
September 1, 2017
Ian Hamilton
The relationship between cannabis and psychosis and schizophrenia has tested the field of addiction for decades, and in some ways serves as measure of our ability to provide a credible contribution to public health. As cannabis is used widely, many people are interested in the risks the drug poses to mental health. This paper focuses upon a seminal study examining this, the trajectory of...
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology
August 30, 2017
Tom P. Freeman, Rebecca Pope, Matthew B. Wall et al.
67 citations
Background: Despite the current shift towards permissive cannabis policies, few studies have investigated the pleasurable effects users seek. Here, we investigate the effects of cannabis on listening to music, a rewarding activity that frequently occurs in the context of recreational cannabis use. We additionally tested how these effects are influenced by cannabidiol, which may offset...
PLoS One
August 23, 2017
E. Setién-Suero, Karl Neergaard, M. Ramírez-Bonilla et al.
Background Numerous studies show the existence of a high prevalence of cannabis use among patients with psychosis. However, the differences between men and women who debut with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) regarding cannabis use have not been largely explored. The aim of this study was to identify the specific sex factors and differences in clinical evolution associated with cannabis use....
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs
August 3, 2017
Mallory Loflin, Mitch Earleywine, Stacey Farmer et al.
7 citations
Previous research has demonstrated the ability of non-active smoked cannabis cigarettes to induce subjective effects of intoxication (i.e., placebo effect). No studies have been conduced to test whether edible forms of cannabis, which are associated with a significant delay in onset of effect, are able to induce a placebo effect. In the present study, 20 participants were told that they would...
The Lancet Psychiatry
August 2017
Amir Englund, Tom P. Freeman, Robin Murray et al.
Cannabis use and related problems are on the rise globally alongside an increase in the potency of cannabis sold on both black and legal markets. Additionally, there has been a shift towards abandoning prohibition for a less punitive and more permissive legal stance on cannabis, such as decriminalisation and legalisation. It is therefore crucial that we explore new and innovative ways to reduce...
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
August 1, 2017
Emma Childs, Joseph A Lutz, Harriet de Wit
Cannabis smokers often report that they use the drug to relax or to relieve emotional stress. However, few clinical studies have shown evidence of the stress-relieving effects of cannabis or cannabinoid agonists. In this study, we sought to assess the influence of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a main active ingredient of cannabis, upon emotional responses to an acute psychosocial stressor...
Addiction
July 31, 2017
Christine L. Miller
2 citations
The review of cannabis-induced psychosis by Ian Hamilton in Addiction 1 raised key issues that warrant further exploration. In focusing upon the literature up to the turn of the 21st century, the author omitted the subsequent explosion of scientific inquiry into a causal relationship between cannabis use and chronic psychotic disorders. The author pointed towards one type of relevant research,...
Addiction
July 31, 2017
Ian Hamilton
The points made by Dr Miller 1 raise further important issues we need to consider in thinking about the relationship between cannabis and psychosis. With regard to later research, I accept that much of the research published after the millennium was not included in my original paper, as the focus was upon how work prior to this time had evolved and how well it had stood the test of time. The...
Drugs and Alcohol Today
July 20, 2017
Mark E. Shevlin, Eoin McElroy, Jamie Murphy et al.
8 citations
Purpose While research has consistently identified an association between cannabis use and psychosis, few studies have examined this relationship in a polydrug context (i.e. combining cannabis with other illicit substances). The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach The present study sought to examine the association between recreational drug use (cannabis only vs...
Annals of General Psychiatry
July 12, 2017
Ahmed Mhalla, Bochra Ben Mohamed, Christoph Ulrich Correll et al.
8 citations
Neurological soft signs (NSS) are minor non-localizing neurological abnormalities that are conceptualized as neurodevelopmental markers that mediate the biological risk for psychosis. We aimed to explore the relationship between NSS and cannabis use, an environmental risk factor of psychosis. This was a cross-sectional study in consecutively admitted patients hospitalized for first-episode...
The Lancet Psychiatry
July 10, 2017
Tabea Schoeler, Natalia Petros, Marta Di Forti et al.
142 citations
Background Cannabis use following the onset of first-episode psychosis has been linked to both increased risk of relapse and non-adherence with antipsychotic medication. Whether poor outcome associated with cannabis use is mediated through an adverse effect of cannabis on medication adherence is unclear. Methods In a prospective analysis of data acquired from four different adult inpatient and...
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
July 8, 2017
Sandra Thijssen, B. Rashid, Shruti Gopal et al.
Cannabis and alcohol are believed to have widespread effects on the brain. Although adolescents are at increased risk for substance use, the adolescent brain may also be particularly vulnerable to the effects of drug exposure due to its rapid maturation. Here, we examined the association between cannabis and alcohol use duration and resting-state functional connectivity in a large sample of...
Psychopharmacology
July 2017
Erin M Rock, Cheryl L Limebeer, Gavin N Petrie et al.
Cannabis is commonly used by humans to relieve stress. Here, we evaluate the potential of intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered Δ9-tetrahydrocannabiol (THC) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA, the precursor of cannabidiol [CBD]) to produce dose-dependent effects on anxiety-like responding in the light-dark (LD) emergence test of anxiety-like responding in rats, when administered acutely or...
Cultura y Droga
July 1, 2017
Nidia Hernández, José Domingo Schievenini Stefanoni
2 citations
Objetivo. Analizar las posibles denominaciones indígenas del cannabis durante el período novohispano, así como las probables continuidades de esta concepción durante el siglo XIX. Metodología. Se revisaron fuentes documentales y etnográficas que sugieren que la denominación indígena del cannabis se relacionó con el término pipiltzintzintli, cuya concepción transitó ―de manera subrepticia― de un...
Pharmacological Research
July 2017
Carola Rong, Yena Lee, Nicole E Carmona et al.
The high and increasing prevalence of medical marijuana consumption in the general population invites the need for quality evidence regarding its safety and efficacy. Herein, we synthesize extant literature pertaining to the phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) and its brain effects. The principle phytocannabinoid Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and CBD are the major pharmacologically active...
Psychopharmacology
July 2017
Renáta Androvičová, J Horacek, Jaroslav Tintěra et al.
Self-report studies indicate that cannabis could increase sexual desire in some users. We hypothesized that intoxication increases activation of brain areas responsive to visual erotica, which could be useful in the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder, a condition marked by a lack of sexual desire. The aim of this study is to assess the aphrodisiacal properties of cannabis. We...
Addiction
June 29, 2017
Hans Y. Oh, Jordan DeVylder
4 citations
Hamilton 1 outlined the past three decades of research connecting cannabis use to schizophrenia. We add to this narrative by mentioning the value of examining the relation between cannabis use and subthreshold regions of the psychosis continuum. Psychotic experiences are manifestations of psychosis that resemble frank hallucinations and delusions found in psychotic disorders, but are generally...