Revisiting the shaman’s ecstasy: The intense emotion that ignites the performance of song and dance
Hillary Keeney, Bradford P. Keeney
Dance Movement & Spiritualities September 1, 2018 DOI: 10.1386/dmas.5.2.183_1 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Theoretical or philosophical paper Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Topics | MDMA |
| Citations | 3 |
| Key points | Argues that equating shamanism with 'ecstasy' has been conflated with Eliade's 'cataleptic trance' and the notion of an 'altered state of consciousness,' and that recent scholarship contests this focus on mental state. Proposes retrieving ecstasy's more common definition as heightened emotional excitement, which draws attention to the shaman's trembling body, musical improvisation, rhythmic variability, and spontaneous movement, and to a wider spectrum of shamanic action and experience. |
Abstract
‘Ecstasy’, long considered a primary experiential marker of shamanism, has been conflated with Mircea Eliade’s description of ‘cataleptic trance’ and the subsequent notion of an ‘altered state of consciousness’. More recent scholarship contests this fixation on the mental state of shamanism, whether in the Arctic or its presumed geographical migration elsewhere. We retrieve the more common etymology and definition of ecstasy as heightened emotional excitement, underscoring how it awakens the shaman’s song and dance performance. Highlighting ecstatic emotion brings back into focus early reports of the shaman’s trembling and shaking body, whose experiential plasticity, musical improvisation, rhythmic variability and movement spontaneity were later masked by an academic obsession with trance. With a performing arts orientation, shamanism’s wider spectrum of action and experience reappear onstage.
Comparable studies
Other theoretical and historical papers on MDMA, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Differences Between the Mechanism of Action of MDMA, MBDB, and the Classic Hallucinogens. Identification of a New Therapeutic Class: Entactogens | 1986 | Theoretical or philosophical paper | |
| The Background and Chemistry of MDMA | 1986 | Historical analysis | |
| The origin of MDMA (ecstasy) revisited: the true story reconstructed from the original documents* Original documents in Merck's historical archive in Darmstadt, Germany, years 1900–1960 | 2006 | Historical analysis | |
| Distinct neural mechanisms for the prosocial and rewarding properties of MDMA | 2019 | Theoretical or philosophical paper | |
| How could MDMA (ecstasy) help anxiety disorders? A neurobiological rationale | 2009 | Theoretical or philosophical paper |