The effects of (+/-)-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and (+/-)-methylenedioxyamphetamine in monkeys trained to discriminate (+)-amphetamine from saline.
J B Kamien, C E Johanson, Charles R. Schuster, William L. Woolverton
Drug and Alcohol Dependence October 1, 1986 DOI: 10.1016/0376-8716(86)90046-3 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Observational study Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 6 |
| Population | Rhesus monkeys |
| Interventions | MDMA MDA (+)-amphetamine |
| Topics | MDMA |
| Keywords | Animals Macaca mulatta Amphetamines N-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine Avoidance learning Discrimination learning Dose-response relationship, drug Food Female Discrimination, psychological |
| Key findings | MDMA produced 100% drug-appropriate responding in all six rhesus monkeys trained to discriminate amphetamine from saline, regardless of procedure or route, indicating full substitution. MDA substituted completely for amphetamine in only two of three monkeys in each paradigm, suggesting MDA is somewhat less amphetamine-like than MDMA. |
Abstract
Recently, attention has been focused on (+/-)-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a psychotomimetic agent chemically closely related to the psychomotor stimulant methamphetamine, and also to the hallucinogen mescaline. In the present experiment, the effects of MDMA and (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) were determined in rhesus monkeys that were trained to discriminate intravenously administered (+)-amphetamine (AMPH) from saline in a two-lever, food-maintained paradigm or to discriminate intragastrically administered AMPH from saline in a signalled electric shock avoidance paradigm. MDMA produced 100% drug-appropriate responding in all six monkeys, regardless of the procedure and route of administration while MDA substituted completely for AMPH in only two of three monkeys in each paradigm. The results suggest that MDMA has subjective effects that are similar to those of AMPH while MDA is somewhat less like AMPH.
Comparable studies
Other preclinical and animal studies on MDMA, most cited first.
Citations in the library
Cited by 24
- 3,4‐Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “Ecstasy”): pharmacology and toxicology in animals and humans Addiction May 1, 1994
- Dark Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine ACS Chemical Neuroscience July 12, 2018
- History of MDMA Ecstasy: The Clinical, Pharmacological and Neurotoxicological Effects of the Drug MDMA 1990
- MDMA and memory: the acute and chronic effects of MDMA in pigeons performing under a delayed-matching-to-sample procedure Psychopharmacology February 1, 1993
- Methylenedioxymethamphetamine-like discriminative stimulus effects of seven cathinones in rats Behavioural Pharmacology June 1, 2020
and 19 more in the library
Cites 5
- Hallucinogenic Amphetamine Selectively Destroys Brain Serotonin Nerve Terminals Science September 6, 1985
- Discriminative stimulus properties of (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine in pigeons. Drug and Alcohol Dependence October 1986
- Self-administration of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) by rhesus monkeys. Drug and Alcohol Dependence October 1986
- Further investigation of the discriminative stimulus properties of MDA. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior April 1984
- MDA: a psychoactive agent with dual stimulus effects. Life Sciences January 23, 1984