Combining mindfulness intervention and open-label placebo treatment for chronic pain: a protocol for a feasibility study.
Chung Jung Mun, Estrella Contreras, Yushu Xiao, Ryan Eckert, Alexandra Harting, Sathvika Damera, Iosef Perez, Hemant K Pandey, Aram S. Mardian, Frank Lovecchio, Luana Colloca, Kelly E Dunn, Michael Todd, Roger B. Fillingim, Mary C Davis
Pilot and Feasibility Studies August 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-025-01692-8 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Randomized controlled trial Open-label Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Population | Individuals with chronic pain |
| Interventions | Mindfulness-based stress reduction Open-label placebo |
| Duration | 8-week intervention, 3-month follow-up |
| Topics | Meditation |
| Keywords | Chronic pain Mind–body intervention Open-label placebo |
| Registration | NCT06720909 |
| Key findings | The authors propose that combining MBSR with OLP is a feasible and acceptable approach for treating chronic pain, warranting further study in a fully powered trial. |
Abstract
Mindfulness-based interventions, such as mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), are efficacious mind-body treatments for chronic pain, though their modest effect sizes suggest room for improvement. Notably, recent studies indicate that mindfulness meditation does not engage the endogenous opioid system, which plays an important role in analgesia. Therefore, exploring the combination of a mindfulness-based intervention with a non-opioid treatment that activates this system is warranted. Open-label placebo (OLP), a placebo that is given to a participant without deception, has shown significant promise as a safe and potentially effective analgesic, with studies indicating its effects are mediated by the release of endogenous opioids. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of combining MBSR and OLP treatment compared to each intervention alone for chronic pain in a three-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT). This study will include an 8-week exposure to one of three treatments for individuals with chronic pain: MBSR-only, OLP-only, or a combined MBSR + OLP intervention. Participants will attend four in-person sessions (baseline assessment, randomization session, mid-treatment assessment, and posttreatment assessment), followed by an online assessment at a 3-month follow-up. MBSR sessions will be conducted live via Zoom. Participants in OLP groups will take placebo pills twice daily, with adherence monitored using an electronic pill bottle cap and urine riboflavin tracer testing. Daily diary assessments will be completed over 7-day periods at baseline, mid-treatment, post-treatment, and 3-month follow-up. Findings from this single-site feasibility RCT will help refine and optimize study protocols needed for a future, fully powered multi-site efficacy trial. NCT06720909 . Registered 12/06/2024.
Comparable studies
Other randomized controlled trials on meditation, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation Healthy employees in a work environment | 2003 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 41 |
| Prevention of relapse/recurrence in major depression by mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Recovered recurrently depressed patients | 2000 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 145 |
| Open hearts build lives: Positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources. Working adults | 2008 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 139 |
| Short-term meditation training improves attention and self-regulation Undergraduate Chinese students | 2007 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 40 |
| Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Depression: Replication and Exploration of Differential Relapse Prevention Effects. Recovered recurrently depressed patients | 2004 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 73 |
Citations in the library
Cites 10
- The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2003
- Mindfulness Interventions Annual Review of Psychology September 30, 2016
- Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Psychiatry. FOCUS: The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry January 24, 2018
- Placebo effects contribute to brief online mindfulness interventions for chronic pain: results from an online randomized sham-controlled trial. Pain October 1, 2023
- Differential efficacy between cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based therapies for chronic pain: Systematic review International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology October 23, 2020
and 5 more in the library