Acute psychotropic, autonomic, and endocrine effects of 5,6-methylenedioxy-2-aminoindane (MDAI) compared with 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in human volunteers: A self-administration study.
Verena Angerer, Yasmin Schmid, Florian Franz, Heike Gnann, Jan Manuel Speer, Anke Gnann, Stephan Helmecke, Armin Buchwald, Simon D. Brandt, Torsten Passie, Matthias E. Liechti, Volker Auwärter
Drug Testing and Analysis September 1, 2024 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3622 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Non-blinded, non-placebo-controlled study with historical comparison Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 6 |
| Population | Healthy volunteers (four males, two females) |
| Intervention | MDAI |
| Dose | 3.0 mg/kg, range 180-228 mg |
| Measures | Visual Analogue Scales (VAS), Adjective Mood Rating Scale (AMRS), 5 Dimensions of Altered States of Consciousness (5D-ASC) scale |
| Topics | MDMA |
| Keywords | Entactogens New psychoactive substances Pharmacokinetics Psychometric |
| Citations | 6 |
| Key points | MDAI produced subjective effects comparable to 125 mg MDMA and increased blood pressure similarly, but did not increase heart rate or body temperature. |
Abstract
The acute psychoactive, autonomic, and endocrine effects of the new psychoactive substance (NPS) 5,6-methylenedioxy-2-aminoindane (MDAI; 3.0 mg/kg, range 180-228 mg) were investigated in six healthy volunteers (four males, two females) in a non-blinded fashion without placebo. Subjective, cardiovascular, and endocrine responses were compared with two different doses of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) (75 mg and 125 mg) described in previously published placebo-controlled studies, which used identical outcome measures including Visual Analogue Scales (VAS), the Adjective Mood Rating Scale (AMRS), and the 5 Dimensions of Altered States of Consciousness (5D-ASC) scale. MDAI was well tolerated and produced subjective effects comparable with those of 125 mg MDMA. MDAI increased blood pressure similar to 125 mg MDMA but did not increase heart rate or body temperature. MDAI increased cortisol and prolactin levels and could be detected in serum about 20 min post ingestion and remained detectable at least for 4 days. In urine, MDAI was detectable over a period of at least 6 days. Further clinical investigations are warranted to assess whether MDAI could serve as drug with medicinal properties.
Comparable studies
Other randomized controlled trials on MDMA, most cited first.
Citations in the library
Cited by 2
- Acute pharmacological effects of α-PVP in humans: a naturalistic observational study. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2025
- The 3D-ASCr scale: A revalidation of the core dimensions of the Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale 5D(11)-ASC for psychedelic research. Journal of Psychopharmacology December 26, 2025
Cites 21
- Psychometric Evaluation of the Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale (OAV) PLoS One August 31, 2010
- Differences Between the Mechanism of Action of MDMA, MBDB, and the Classic Hallucinogens. Identification of a New Therapeutic Class: Entactogens Journal of Psychoactive Drugs October 1, 1986
- MDMA enhances emotional empathy and prosocial behavior Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience October 4, 2013
- Breakthrough for Trauma Treatment: Safety and Efficacy of MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy Compared to Paroxetine and Sertraline Frontiers in Psychiatry September 12, 2019
- The new drug phenomenon Drug Testing and Analysis July 1, 2014
and 16 more in the library