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Frontiers in Psychology

ISSN 1664-1078

735 papers in the library · 16,270 citations · publishing 2010-2026

Papers

Enhancing academic resilience through mindfulness training: an experimental study with Chinese undergraduates and the mediating role of psychological flexibility

Frontiers in Psychology November 5, 2025 Ming Yuan, Zhe Hu 5 citations

A four-week mindfulness training program enhanced academic resilience among 200 Chinese university students by increasing self-compassion and psychological flexibility, which independently mediated the effect. The intervention group showed stronger positive relationships between these factors compared to the control group. The authors propose that mindfulness-based training is a culturally adaptable, low-cost approach to supporting student well-being in higher education, though they note limitations including self-reported data, a single-institution sample, and the short intervention period.

Ancient Indian perspectives and practices of mental well-being

Frontiers in Psychology June 3, 2025 Ruchi Bhati, M. P. Mandal, Tripti Singh 5 citations

Ancient Indian texts such as the Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, and Ayurveda contain holistic mental health concepts and practical psychological remedies that contemporary approaches often overlook. This work reviews and organizes these diverse practices to propose evidence-based self-help techniques for improving overall mental well-being, addressing gaps in modern mental health care that focuses on symptoms rather than holistic wellness.

Aesthetic quality of psychedelic experience is linked to insight and psychological outcomes

Frontiers in Psychology May 15, 2025 Jake Hooper, Emily L Gyongyosi, Kent E. Hutchison et al. 5 citations

Aesthetic qualities of psychedelic experiences are linked to better psychological outcomes, including greater emotional breakthroughs, psychological insight, behavioral change, and mystical experiences, while also being associated with less fear and paranoia. In a survey of 96 people who used classic psychedelics in the past year, aesthetic experience predicted improvements in depression, anxiety, and quality of life independently of age, gender, or mystical experience. The findings suggest that the aesthetic environment in psychedelic-assisted therapy may actively contribute to therapeutic benefits rather than being merely perceptual enhancements.

Mindfulness influence on psychological wellbeing: in search of cultural adaptations.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2025 Reut Paz, Nitza Davidovitch 5 citations

Mindfulness training and trait mindfulness are linked to greater psychological well-being and resilience among Orthodox Jewish teachers in Israel. Trait mindfulness was negatively associated with perceived stress. Ultra-Orthodox teachers reported higher stress than national religious teachers. The study suggests that mindfulness programs should consider participants' religious and cultural backgrounds to improve effectiveness, as generic international models may overlook these needs.

Mindfulness teacher training enhances interoceptive awareness and reduces emotional distress: a controlled study.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2025 Alberto Chiesa, Cristiano Crescentini, Fabio D'Antoni et al. 5 citations

A nine-month mindfulness teacher training program enhanced the ability to perceive and interpret bodily signals—known as interoceptive awareness—in 38 individuals training to become mindfulness-based intervention teachers, compared with 24 matched controls. The trained group showed significantly greater increases in awareness of mind-body integration. Although overall emotional distress did not differ between groups, increases in self-regulation scores within the training group were linked to decreases in depression and total emotional distress. The findings suggest that mindfulness training for future teachers further improves their capacity to attend to, regulate, and interpret bodily signals.

A longitudinal mixed-methods examination of emotional intelligence, mindfulness, and burnout among Chinese educators.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2025 Xiao Han, Mingmu Jiao, Gemma M Perey 5 citations

Over 12 months, 216 secondary school educators in mainland China reported reduced emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, while their emotional intelligence remained stable. More daily mindfulness practice was linked to less emotional exhaustion. Interviews with 35 participants revealed themes of heavy burnout, the perceived value of emotional intelligence, mindfulness as a coping strategy, personal coping methods, high self-awareness paired with difficulty regulating emotions, and systemic pressures. Practical barriers limited sustained mindfulness engagement. The findings suggest mindfulness can help reduce emotional exhaustion in educators, but systemic and practical constraints affect its use.

A novel method for quantitative analysis of subjective experience reports: application to psychedelic visual experiences

Frontiers in Psychology December 6, 2024 Sean Noah, Earth Erowid, Fire Erowid et al. 5 citations

Psychedelic compounds like LSD, psilocybin, mescaline, and DMT can dramatically alter visual perception, but whether these visual effects consistently differ between substances is unclear. Using the large Erowid experience report dataset, researchers analyzed narrative self-reports for 103 psychoactive substances, including 30 psychedelics and 73 comparison substances. They used an AI embedding model to classify sentences describing visual effects. The proportion of visual-effect sentences varied significantly and consistently across substances, even among psychedelics. Further analysis of visual effect categories—such as movement, color, and pattern—also showed reliable variation. The findings indicate that different psychedelic substances have distinct propensities to affect vision and produce qualitatively different visual experiences.

Archetype symbols and altered consciousness: a study of shamanic rituals in the context of Jungian psychology

Frontiers in Psychology May 9, 2024 Hang Sun, Eunyoung Kim 5 citations

Archetype symbols in shamanic rituals significantly influence participants' conscious state, leading to a conscious dissolution of the self. A survey of 75 participants found that these symbols have different effects across stages of consciousness change, with the strongest impact during the "Visionary Restructuralization" stage. Patterns, masks, totems, and music brought consciousness to a peak and caused significant changes. The metaphoric function of archetype symbols connects individuals to the collective unconscious through visual and symbolic imagery, prompting emotional resonances that transcend personal experience and alter consciousness.

Neuroanthropology of shamanic trance: a case study with a ritual specialist from Mexico.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2024 Hugo Toriz, Antonella Fagetti, Guadalupe Terán-pérez et al. 5 citations

An 81-year-old Mexican shaman, who recognized her gift in childhood, underwent electroencephalographic recording while performing three activities: reading cards for diagnosis, performing a limpia (cleansing) with eggs, stones, and bells, and entering an incorporation trance believed to allow a deceased entity to use her body as a communication channel. Alpha activity appeared when she was concentrated, suggesting a hypnagogic-like state. Predominant beta and gamma oscillations were observed, indicating a potential plastic phenomenon that modulates the assimilation of external and internal referents, guiding action, attention, and integration of mnemonic, sensory, and imaginative elements. The authors interpret shamanic trance as a biological potential of the human brain to induce non-ordinary states of consciousness shaped by cultural beliefs and practices.

Interfacing consciousness.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2024 Robert Prentner, Donald D Hoffman 5 citations

Consciousness science is at an impasse, and the physicalist worldview is blamed. Conscious agent theory (CAT) posits that consciousness is fundamental and exists outside spacetime, with agency and mathematical structure as core features. For CAT to become a robust scientific framework, it must integrate with the interface theory of perception (ITP), an evolutionary model of perception. ITP suggests that perception is an interface that hides reality, not a window onto it. The authors argue that we live inside a simulation instantiated in consciousness, not digitally, where the simulation is an interface representation of conscious agents' dynamics. This implies AI could be used in consciousness science by customizing this interface.

Online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for treatment-resistant depression: a parallel-arm randomized controlled feasibility trial.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2024 Michele Ferreira Rodrigues, Laiana Quagliato, Jose Carlos Appolinario et al. 5 citations

About 30% of people with major depressive disorder have treatment-resistant depression (TRD), which responds poorly to standard therapies. Online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (eMBCT) delivered via live video sessions was tested in a small feasibility trial at a Brazilian institute. Twenty-eight outpatients with TRD were randomly assigned to either an 8-week eMBCT program or a control group. The eMBCT group showed large improvements in depression and anxiety symptoms, while the control group showed no significant changes. Between-group comparisons also favored eMBCT for reducing depression and improving clinical global impressions. eMBCT combined with medication appears feasible for TRD, though a future trial with a manualized control is needed.

Phenomenology of psychiatric emergencies.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2023 Stefano Goretti, Cecilia Maria Esposito, Gilberto Di Petta 5 citations

Psychiatric urgency involves serious mental suffering and behavioral change requiring prompt treatment, while emergency is life-threatening. Although phenomenological psychopathology has neglected this area, the phenomenological method is essential for clinical management. The manuscript explores the phenomenological perspective of psychiatric emergencies, emphasizing the centrality of the encounter between clinician and patient as two subjects, not just doctor and patient. The affective space of intersubjectivity and intercorporeality enables transformative understanding. The emergency room atmosphere—full of haste, anxiety, and expectation—hinders authentic encounter, which must be recovered for diagnosis and therapy. Clinicians should immerse themselves in the patient's life-world, using the phenomenological method to grasp the crisis's meaning and help re-inscribe it within the patient's history.

Altered self-reported resting state mediates the effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on mental health: a longitudinal path model analysis within a community-based randomized trial with 6-months follow-up.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2023 Lise Juul, Emilie Hasager Bonde, Lone Overby Fjorback 5 citations

In a randomized controlled trial across 110 Danish schools, 191 teachers received Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) or were placed on a wait-list. After 3 and 6 months, MBSR reduced perceived stress, anxiety, depression, and improved well-being. These improvements were partly explained by changes in self-reported resting state: less mind wandering (Discontinuity of Mind), more planning, and greater comfort. Changes in sleepiness also partially explained effects on stress and anxiety. No mediating effects were found for theory of mind, self-awareness, or somatic awareness. The findings suggest that altering resting state is one mechanism through which MBSR benefits mental health.

Effects of self-help mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on mindfulness, symptom change, and suicidal ideation in patients with depression: a randomized controlled study.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2023 Yuanyuan Mo, Zhiying Lei, Mei Chen et al. 5 citations

Self-help mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT-SH) improved mindfulness, reduced depression symptoms, and lowered suicidal ideation in patients with depression compared with a control group. In a randomized trial, 97 patients were assigned to MBCT-SH or a control condition. By week 8 and at a 3-month follow-up, the MBCT-SH group showed significantly greater mindfulness and lower depression and suicidal ideation scores. At a 6-month follow-up, per capita treatment costs were 5,298 RMB lower in the MBCT-SH group, while readmission rates did not differ significantly between groups. The findings suggest MBCT-SH is feasible and effective.

Dispositional mindfulness profiles in pregnant women: relationships with dyadic adjustment and symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2023 Oiana Echabe-Ecenarro, Izaskun Orue, Esther Calvete 5 citations

Pregnant women with higher levels of dispositional mindfulness, particularly those who are non-judgmentally aware, report fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety. A study of 535 women in their 26th week of pregnancy identified three mindfulness profiles: low mindfulness (53.8%), moderate mindfulness (34.3%), and non-judgmentally aware (11.9%). Compared to the low mindfulness group, women in the moderate and non-judgmentally aware profiles had fewer depression and anxiety symptoms, and these relationships were partly explained by higher dyadic satisfaction with their partner. Analyzing a pregnant woman's mindfulness profile may help tailor prevention and intervention efforts for anxiety and depression.

Dissociation and other trauma symptomatology are linked to imbalance in the competing neurobehavioral decision systems.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2023 Julia C. Basso, Medha K. Satyal, Kevin L Mckee et al. 5 citations

Depersonalization and trauma symptoms are linked to heightened impulsivity, increased risk-seeking, impaired emotional states, and a history of traumatic experiences. Using the Competing Neurobehavioral Decisions System theory, the study modeled survey and task data from 557 English-speaking U.S. adults. Results show that an imbalance favoring impulsive over executive systems—marked by lower valuation of future rewards, greater risk-seeking, and worse affective states—predicts more severe depersonalization and PTSD symptoms. This is the first evidence connecting dissociation to delay discounting, the tendency to prefer immediate over delayed rewards. Interventions such as episodic future thinking or mindfulness meditation may help reduce dissociative symptoms.

Building and Understanding the Minimal Self.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2021 Valentin Forch, Fred H Hamker 5 citations

Two research movements—cognitive science and cognitive robotics—pursue different agendas in studying the minimal self. Cognitive science creates abstract models that predict human experimental data, while cognitive robotics builds embodied learning machines that develop a self from scratch, like human infants. Although both approaches can produce causal mechanistic models, building a minimal self in a robot is not the same as understanding the human minimal self. Conclusions drawn from robotic models about humans, or vice versa, require caution. Incorporating constraints from multiple levels of analysis is essential for models that predict, generate, and causally explain real-world behavior.

Environment-Related and Body-Related Components of the Minimal Self.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2021 Marvin Liesner, Wilfried Kunde 5 citations

Perceptual changes caused by an agent's own actions can contribute to the minimal self, but these changes occur across different sensory modalities and vary in temporal and spatial proximity to the agent. Some changes affect the biological body and are conveyed by private sensory signals, while others occur in the environment and are conveyed by public sensory signals. The authors argue that although these signals have considerable functional overlap in generating self-experience, they should be distinguished in theories and empirical research on self-development.

Is the "Minimally Conscious State" Patient Minimally Self-Aware?

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2020 Constantinos Picolas 5 citations

Patients in a Minimally Conscious State (MCS) show minimal signs of awareness, unlike those in a Vegetative State who show none. Existing research on self-awareness in MCS patients has focused only on higher-order, reflective self-awareness. This paper argues that a more basic, pre-reflective (or minimal) self-awareness—the implicit awareness of our embodied subjectivity that permeates all experiences—has been neglected. The author suggests that neuroimaging studies using First-Person Perspective-taking paradigms could assess minimal self-awareness in MCS patients, even when they lack self-reflective abilities. Such evidence would have theoretical implications for the concept of self-awareness and practical medical, social, and legal implications for managing awareness-impaired patients.

Bridging consciousness and AI: ChatGPT-assisted phenomenological analysis.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2025 David Martínez-pernía, Alejandro Troncoso, Sergio E Chaigneau et al. 4 citations

ChatGPT can process large qualitative datasets for phenomenological analysis while preserving depth and nuance. The tool follows four stages: preparing phenomenological data, individual analysis highlighting experiential nuances, global analysis synthesizing narratives, and structuring shared experience components. Custom prompts ensure alignment and precision. ChatGPT organizes themes reflecting sensation intensity and variations in empathetic encounters, transforming raw input into detailed phenomenological accounts. Its proficiency combines precision with scalability for consciousness studies. Further research is needed to understand AI's capacity in phenomenological analysis and strengthen the methodological framework.

The role of mindfulness in improving quality of life among student-athletes: a pilot mediation study.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2025 Lis Johles, Peter Molander, Carolina Lundqvist 4 citations

A 4-week body scan intervention did not improve quality of life among Swedish student-athletes compared with a relaxation control. The study, involving 99 student-athletes from six high schools, found no significant differences between the two groups in quality-of-life change, and no evidence that changes in five facets of mindfulness (acting with awareness, describing, non-judgment, non-reactivity, and observing) mediated any effect. The results indicate that body scans had no effect on student-athletes' quality of life in this pilot study, suggesting that future research should refine mindfulness interventions and explore other practices.

Out-of-body experiences: interpretations through the eyes of those who live them.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2025 Jenny Moix, Isabel Nieto, Anna Yue De la Rua 4 citations

People who have had out-of-body experiences (OBEs) often describe them as more vivid and authentic than everyday reality. In interviews with 10 participants without mental or neurological disorders, five interpreted their OBEs through concepts like "other planes or dimensions" and "universal consciousness," aligning with non-local or expanded consciousness theories. Four had no explanation, and one gave a physiological account. The findings suggest that theories of non-local consciousness could be enriched by incorporating these firsthand experiential perspectives.

Beyond mindfulness: how Buddhist meditation transforms consciousness through distinct psychological pathways.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2025 Cheng Wang 4 citations

Buddhist meditation practices—Samatha (focused attention), Vipassana (open monitoring), and Metta (loving-kindness)—offer distinct pathways for transforming consciousness beyond conventional mindfulness. These techniques systematically cultivate meta-cognitive insight, emotional regulation, and self-inquiry, leading to shifts in awareness and personal growth. Neuroscience and psychology studies indicate that these practices strengthen attentional stability, reshape self-referential thinking, and reorganize emotional patterns, as seen in altered default-mode network activity and characteristic EEG patterns. While sharing parallels with Western mindfulness and hypnosis, Buddhist meditation uniquely emphasizes ethical integration and profound introspection. Challenges remain in objectively measuring advanced states like "no-self" (anattā) due to reliance on subjective self-report, suggesting future research incorporate culturally sensitive methods and neurophenomenology.

From contemplation to serenity: how yoga meditation improves the mental health of female college students?

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2025 Lanjuan Liu, Cheng Liu, Lijun Tang et al. 4 citations

Yoga meditation reduces anxiety, depression, and perceived stress while improving emotional regulation and self-awareness in female college students. The practice positively influences neuroplasticity, inducing beneficial changes in brain regions associated with emotional control and cognitive flexibility. Improved autonomic nervous system function was observed, with increased parasympathetic activity and reduced sympathetic response. Meditation strengthened psychological resilience, improved stress-coping strategies, and sustained positive mental health benefits even after the intervention. Integrating yoga meditation into campus mental health programs is recommended.

My Bad, You Got This: witnessing, therapist attitude and the synergy between psychedelics and inner healing intelligence in the treatment of trauma.

Frontiers in Psychology January 1, 2025 Lawrence Fischman 4 citations

MDMA-assisted therapy for trauma is unusually effective, partly because the therapist's full trust in the participant's inner healing intelligence—analogous to the body's self-healing—helps trauma survivors who struggle with trust to engage the therapist as a witness. The medication enhances trust subjectively. This therapeutic attitude parallels how a relational psychoanalyst acts as witness in resolving dissociative enactment. Trusting one's inner healing intelligence is dynamically equivalent to trusting the relational process, making it a process of feeling witnessed. The therapist's willingness to acknowledge limitations, coupled with conviction that the participant's primary need is to feel witnessed, facilitates integration of dissociated experience.