Psychopharmacology
1982
R A Shephard, P L Broadhurst
73 citations
A modified hyponeophagia test is described as an animal model of anxiety. The effects of 0, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0 and 10 mg/kg diazepam, given both acutely and for 7 days pretest, were assessed in rats. Acutely, diazepam reduced hyponeophagia over the dose range 0.3-3.0 mg/kg but 10.0 mg/kg produced sedation and large variability. Chronically, the dose-response relationships were monotonic and the...
Psychopharmacology
1982
T P Blackburn, B Cox, T F Lee
6 citations
The turning behaviour induced by 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT) has been investigated in rats with lesions of the dorsal raphé nucleus (DRN). 5-MeODMT caused a dose-related contralateral turning in rats with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) lesions of the substantia nigra and a similar effect was observed in DRN-lesioned rats. In contrast, a dose-related ipsilateral turning was...
Psychopharmacology
1982
A W Zuardi, I Shirakawa, E Finkelfarb et al.
The object of the experiment was to verify whether cannabidiol (CBD) reduces the anxiety provoked by delta 9-THC in normal volunteers, and whether this effect occurs by a general block of the action of delta 9-THC or by a specific anxiolytic effect. Appropriate measurements and scales were utilized and the eight volunteers received, the following treatments in a double-blind procedure: 0.5...
Psychopharmacology
1981
C Singleton, C A Marsden
28 citations
Circadian fluctuations were measured in the head twitch response produced by 5-methoxy-N1,N1-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT) and p-chloroamphetamine (PCA) in male BK. TO mice. The effects of depleting brain 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) with p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) on the 5-MeODMT in the mouse were also studied. Changes in brain 5-HT and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic (5-HIAA) were concomitantly...
Psychopharmacology
1981
K Verebey, M J Kogan, S J Mulè
Phencyclidine (PCP) given to male Wistar rats produced hyperactivity and various stereotypic motor behaviors. Methadone, apomorphine, and naloxone were tested for their effects on PCP-induced stereotypy. Methadone (0.5 mg/kg) had no effect on the hyperactivity produced by PCP, but significantly attenuated PCP-induced stereotypy when given both before and after PCP. Low doses of apomorphine were...
Psychopharmacology
1981
D M Ruffing, E F Domino
Several opioid agonists and antagonists interact with N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and lysergic acid diethylamide-25 (LSD) in adult male Holtzman rats trained on a positive reinforcement, fixed ratio 4 (FR4) behavioral schedule, i.e., a reward of 0.01 ml sugar-sweetened milk was earned on every fourth bar press. DMT (3.2 and 10.0 mg/kg) and LSD (0.1 mg/kg) given IP with 0.9% NaCl pretreatment,...
Psychopharmacology
1980
Richard A Glennon, R Young, John A. Rosecrans et al.
46 citations
A choice between two levers in an operant chamber was used to train 24 rats, under a variable-interval 15 s schedule of sweetened milk reinforcement, to discriminate a hallucinogenic (psychotomimetic) agent, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-OMe DMT), from saline administration. The 5-OMe DMT stimulus generalized in a dose-related manner to each of 14 tryptamine related analogs. With the...
Psychopharmacology
1980
M Davis, D I Astrachan, P M Gendelman et al.
39 citations
The effects of different doses (0.03, 0.06, 0.12, 0.25, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 mg/kg body weight) of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT) were tested on the acoustic startle reflex in rats. Beginning at 0.12 mg/kg, 5-MeODMT increased startle monotonically up to the highest dose used. 5-MeODMT still increased startle in acutely decerebrate rats or when infused directly onto the spinal...
Psychopharmacology
1980
H E Shannon
3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM) are amphetamine congeners that produce both amphetamine-like and LSD-like effects. To evaluate whether MDA and DOM should be classed with amphetamine, their capacity to produce amphetamine-like discriminative stimuli was assessed. Rats were trained to discriminate between saline and 1.0 mg/kg d-amphetamine in a two...
Psychopharmacology
1980
E B Nielsen, T H Lee, G Ellison
Rats injected with LSD or mescaline show the behavioral syndrome which has been previously reported following injections of hallucinogens in higher mammals: limb flicks and whole body shakes. Although these behaviors are not elicited by acute injections of amphetamine, they are present in rats which have been pretreated for 108 h with a slow-release amphetamine pellet, given a 12 h rest period,...
Psychopharmacology
1980
Jerrold C Winter
Six rats were trained to discriminate the effects of LSD (100 micrograms/kg) and saline in a two-lever choice task. They were then tested with each of three phenethylamine derivatives, BL-3912 (2,5-dimethoxy-4-methyl-alpha-ethyl-phenethylamine), fenfluramine (N-ethyl-alpha-methyl-m-(trifluoro-methyl)phenethylamine), and Sch-12679...
Psychopharmacology
1980
P B Silverman, B T Ho
Rats were trained in a two-lever operant procedure to discriminate either 1.0 mg/kg (+)amphetamine or 1.5 mg/kg DOM from saline. Rats trained to discriminate DOM from saline showed generalization with the DOM training condition when tested with mescaline or 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine (DOET), but not when tested with (+)amphetamine or methylphenidate. Both isomers of DOM generalized with...
Psychopharmacology
1980
R M Glass, E H Uhlenhuth, F W Hartel et al.
The effects of single oral doses of nabilone, a synthetic cannabinoid, were studied in four anxious volunteer subjects. Each subject had two exposures to placebo and three dose levels of nabilone at 1 week intervals in a single blind balanced Latin square design after the nabilone dose range was determined by each subject's response to a test dose. The Profile of Mood States (POMS), a...
Psychopharmacology
December 1, 1979
Robert J. Sbordone, Joseph A. Wingard, David A. Gorelick et al.
16 citations
Pairs of male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered mescaline, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocin, N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine (DMPEA), or 5-hydroxydopamine (5-OHDA) IP prior to being placed in a shock-elicited aggression situation. When foot shock was delivered, controls struck each other with their forepaws, but never engaged in either biting or...
Psychopharmacology
September 1, 1979
Lothar Demisch, Manfred Neubauer
8 citations
Prolactin (PRL) and Growth Hormone (GH) secretions were studied in human serum after the oral administration of 5 mg/kg mescaline (3,4,5-trimethoxy-beta-phenylethylamine) or 2,3,4-trimethoxy-beta-phenylethylamine (2,3,4-TMPEA) respectively. Mescaline stimulated the secretion of PRL more than four-fold above base-line levels. Peak concentrations were found 90--120 min after drug intake. Five...
Psychopharmacology
September 1979
Mark A. Geyer, Roger K. Light, Gary J. Rose et al.
The disruption of the temporal distribution of investigatory responses by rats in a novel hole-board following lysergic acid diethylamide-25 (LSD), as described in a companion paper (Geyer and Light, 1979), was found to be a characteristic effect of a variety of hallucinogens. Similar effects were produced by indoleamine hallucinogens, such as LSD, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, and psilocin, and by...
Psychopharmacology
April 25, 1979
D Ruffing, B Kovacic, S Demetriou et al.
The narcotic antagonist naloxone was tested to determine its possible interaction with N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and lysergic acid diethylamide-25 (LSD) in adult male Holtzman rats trained to press a bar on a fixed-ratio four schedule (FR4), i.e., every fourth press earned a reward of 0.01 ml sugar sweetened milk. LSD (0.1 mg/kg) or increasing doses of DMT (1.0, 3.2, and 10.0 mg/kg) were...
Psychopharmacology
March 22, 1979
P L Clopton, D S Janowsky, J M Clopton et al.
The influence of marijuana on the ability to perceive emotions in others was studied in 30 male volunteers who were experienced marijuana users. Subjects smoked either placebo or active marijuana containing 6 mg delta 9-THC. The Affective Sensitivity Scale, a test developed to measure the ability to perceive emotions in others, was divided at midpoint and the two halves were administered before...
Psychopharmacology
1979
R. Malcolm Stewart, Alexander Campbell, Günther Sperk et al.
43 citations
Muscle twitches and autonomic changes were induced by systemic injections of L -5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) or the serotonin agonist 5-methoxy- N,N -dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) in rats previously lesioned with intracranial 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) after desmethylimipramine. Movements were recorded sensitively and continuously by an electronic activity monitor. Spontaneous locomotor...
Psychopharmacology
1979
Claudio Castellano
8 citations
The effects of mescaline and amphetamine were investigated in BALB/cJ (BALB) and C57BL/6J (C57) mice using the five-choice Yerkes--Thompson Bryant--Bovet-Nitti apparatus for patterns discrimination. Two sets of experiments were carried out. In the first set, pretrial administration of mescaline (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) was followed by performance improvements in the C57 mice, while performances of...
Psychopharmacology
September 15, 1978
P M Whitaker, P Seeman
55 citations
The specific binding of 3H-serotonin to calf caudate homogenate was studied. The dissociation constant was 2nM and the number of specific sites was 14fmoles/mg protein. Of many drugs tested, inhibition of specific 3H-serotonin binding occurred almost exclusively with serotonin agonists and antagonists. The concentrations for 50% inhibition of 3H-serotonin binding by serotonergic agonists...
Psychopharmacology
April 11, 1978
Herbert Y. Meltzer, Richard G. Fessler, Miljana Simonovic et al.
24 citations
The hallucinogenic indoleamine drugs N,N-dimethyltryptamine (N,N-DMT), psilocybin, bufotenin, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, and N-methyltryptamine, increased rat plasma prolactin (PRL) levels. The increase in plasma PRL produced by N,N-DMT, psilocybin, and bufotenin was inhibited by methysergide, a serotonin receptor blocker. Parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA), an inhibitor of serotonin...
Psychopharmacology
January 31, 1978
H M Calil
The effects of hallucinogenic and nonhallucinogenic drugs were studied on two behavioral tests: (1) discriminated Sidman avoidance, using modified Bovet-Gatti profiles, which have been proposed as specific in detecting hallucinogenic activity and (2) a drug discrimination experiment. By the first method, the "hallucinogenic profile" was obtained with both hallucinogenic and nonhallucinogenic...
Psychopharmacology
June 1, 1977
Sergio Solbes Ferri, Roser Reina, C. Spadaro et al.
3 citations
The narcotic antagonist naloxone does not antagonize antinociception elicited in the rabbit by 100 microgram/kg of mescaline centrally administered, whereas pretreatment with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) inhibits this mescaline effect. Stereotyped behavior of rabbits following central mescaline administration is also prevented by 6-hda pretreatment. Since 6-OHDA in known to produce a degeneration...
Psychopharmacology
1977
Allen P. Fertziger, Roland Fischer
12 citations
LSD administration in rats elicited a diphasic reaction consisting of a brief excitable period ( up to 8 min) followed by a prolonged catalepsy (8 min-1 h). While the cataleptic response was antagonized by a single injection of naloxone (given 30 min after LSD administration), pretreatment with naloxone shortened the excitable phase and potentiated the catalepsy.