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Journal of Traumatic Stress

ISSN 1573-6598

25 papers in the library · 1,464 citations · publishing 1993-2026

Papers

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From therapeutic promise to evidentiary discipline: Reassessing MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal of Traumatic Stress June 1, 2026 Kadek Suhardita, Veno Dwi Krisnanda, Rikas Saputra et al.

In this commentary on Morland et al. (2026)'s recent State of the Science article on 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), we aim to emphasize both MDMA's therapeutic promise and its unresolved scientific challenges. Although recent trials on MDMA-assisted interventions have reported encouraging reductions in PTSD symptoms, the...

State of the Science: MDMA‐assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder

Journal of Traumatic Stress March 12, 2026 Leslie A. Morland, Barbara O Rothbaum, Lauren M. Sippel et al. 2 citations

There is growing interest in novel approaches to treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), including the use of psychedelic substances combined with psychotherapy, often referred to as psychedelic-assisted therapy, to better meet the needs of patients who do not prefer or respond to traditional evidence-based treatments. Among these treatments, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine...

Harnessing psychedelics for treating posttraumatic stress disorder: Does the science support all the hype?

Journal of Traumatic Stress May 7, 2025 Mark Creamer, Richard Bryant, Amy Lehrner et al. 1 citation

This paper is an edited transcript of a plenary panel held at the 2024 Annual Meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. The panel comprised Drs. Mark Creamer (moderator), Richard Bryant (convenor), Amy Lehrner, Barbara O. Rothbaum, Joseph I. Ruzek, and Paula P. Schnurr. Bringing together clinicians and researchers with a...

A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Transcendental Meditation as Treatment for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Veterans.

Journal of Traumatic Stress February 1, 2022 Mayer Bellehsen, Valentina Stoycheva, Barry H. Cohen et al.

Preliminary studies have demonstrated the efficacy of Transcendental Meditation (TM) for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The present study extended previous research with a pilot trial of TM as a treatment for PTSD via a single-blinded, randomized controlled design. veterans with PTSD (N = 40) were assigned to a TM intervention or treatment-as-usual (TAU) control group....

Sleep Quality Improvements After MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

Journal of Traumatic Stress August 1, 2021 Linnae Ponté, Lisa Jerome, Scott Hamilton et al. 42 citations Expression of concern

Sleep disturbances (SDs) are among the most distressing and commonly reported symptoms in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Despite increased attention on sleep in clinical PTSD research, SDs remain difficult to treat. In Phase 2 trials, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy has been shown to greatly improve PTSD symptoms. We hypothesized that MDMA-assisted...

Posttraumatic Growth After MDMA‐Assisted Psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Journal of Traumatic Stress February 19, 2020 Ingmar Gorman, Alexander Belser, Lisa Jerome et al. 43 citations Expression of concern

Abstract 3,4‐Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)–assisted psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been shown to significantly reduce clinical symptomatology, but posttraumatic growth (PTG), which consists of positive changes in self‐perception, interpersonal relationships, or philosophy of life, has not been studied with this treatment. Participant data ( n = 60) were pooled...

Compassion Meditation for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Veterans: A Randomized Proof of Concept Study

Journal of Traumatic Stress March 31, 2019 Ariel J Lang, Anne Malaktaris, Pollyanna Casmar et al. 50 citations

There is considerable interest in developing complementary and integrative approaches for ameliorating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Compassion meditation (CM) and loving-kindness meditation appear to offer benefits to individuals with PTSD, including symptom reduction. The present study was a pilot randomized controlled trial of CM for PTSD in veterans. The CM condition, an adaptation...

Efficacy of Imagery Rehearsal Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Sexual Assault Victims With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of Traumatic Stress August 1, 2018 Geneviève Belleville, Mylène Dubé-Frenette, Andréanne Rousseau

Sleep disturbances are common among sexual assault victims with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for PTSD does not directly address sleep-related symptoms. Trauma-related sleep disturbances are associated with more impairment and contribute to the maintenance of PTSD. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of a combination of CBT and nightmare...

Breathing‐Based Meditation Decreases Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in U.S. Military Veterans: A Randomized Controlled Longitudinal Study

Journal of Traumatic Stress August 1, 2014 Emma M Seppala, Jack B. Nitschke, Dana Tudorascu et al. 180 citations

Given the limited success of conventional treatments for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), investigations of alternative approaches are warranted. We examined the effects of a breathing-based meditation intervention, Sudarshan Kriya yoga, on PTSD outcome variables in U.S. male veterans of the Iraq or Afghanistan war. We randomly assigned 21 veterans to an active (n = 11) or...

Significant reductions in posttraumatic stress symptoms in Congolese refugees within 10 days of Transcendental Meditation practice.

Journal of Traumatic Stress February 1, 2014 Brian Rees, Fred Travis, David Shapiro et al.

This follow-up pilot study tested whether Transcendental Meditation® (TM) practice would significantly reduce symptoms of posttraumatic stress in Congolese refugees within 10 days after instruction. The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian (PCL-C) was administered to nonmatched waitlist controls from a previous study 3 times over a 90-day period. Within 8 days of the third baseline...

Loving‐Kindness Meditation for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Pilot Study

Journal of Traumatic Stress July 25, 2013 David J. Kearney, Carol A. Malte, Carolyn Mcmanus et al. 232 citations

Loving-kindness meditation is a practice designed to enhance feelings of kindness and compassion for self and others. Loving-kindness meditation involves repetition of phrases of positive intention for self and others. We undertook an open pilot trial of loving-kindness meditation for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Measures of PTSD, depression, self-compassion, and...

Reduction in posttraumatic stress symptoms in Congolese refugees practicing transcendental meditation.

Journal of Traumatic Stress April 1, 2013 Brian Rees, Fred Travis, David Shapiro et al.

This matched single-blind pilot study tested the effect of Transcendental Meditation® (TM) practice on symptoms of posttraumatic stress (PTS) in Congolese refugees. Urban refugees (N = 102) staying around Kampala, Uganda attended introductory meetings. After initial random assignment to the TM group, 30 refugees who revealed that they were unable to attend all meetings and were eliminated from...

Combat-related PTSD nightmares and imagery rehearsal: nightmare characteristics and relation to treatment outcome.

Journal of Traumatic Stress October 1, 2012 Gerlinde C. Harb, Richard Thompson, Richard J Ross et al.

The characteristics of nightmares of 48 male U.S. Vietnam war veterans with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as revised dream scripts developed in the course of Imagery Rehearsal therapy, were examined in relation to pretreatment symptomatology and treatment outcome. Features, content, and themes of nightmares and rescripted dreams were coded by 2 independent raters....

Dissociative experiences as mediators between childhood trauma and auditory hallucinations.

Journal of Traumatic Stress June 1, 2012 Salvador Perona Garcelán, Francisco Carrascoso-López, J. García-Montes et al.

The purpose of this work was to study the relationship between reported traumatic experiences in childhood and positive psychotic symptoms. We hypothesized that dissociative experiences were potential mediators between childhood trauma and hallucinations, but not delusions. The sample comprised 71 patients diagnosed with psychoses. They were assessed with the Dissociative Experiences Scale...

Lucid dreaming and resilience in the face of exposure to terrorism.

Journal of Traumatic Stress February 1, 2011 Nirit Soffer-Dudek, Reut Wertheim, Golan Shahar

The relationship between resilience and lucid dreams, which involves awareness of the experience of dreaming, was examined in 79 Israeli young adults. Psychological distress and lucid dreams 3 years prior to exposure to terrorism, and exposure levels and psychological distress 1 week following exposure, were assessed. Both indirect exposure through media and perceived stress predicted an...

Imagery rehearsal for posttraumatic nightmares: A randomized controlled trial

Journal of Traumatic Stress October 1, 2010 Joan M. Cook, Gerlinde C. Harb, Philip R. Gehrman et al.

AbstractOne hundred twenty‐four male Vietnam War veterans with chronic, severe posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were randomly assigned to imagery rehearsal (n = 61) or a credible active comparison condition (n = 63) for the treatment of combat‐related nightmares. There was pre‐post change in overall sleep quality and PTSD symptoms for both groups, but not in nightmare frequency....

A combined group treatment for nightmares and insomnia in combat veterans: A pilot study

Journal of Traumatic Stress November 11, 2009 Leslie M. Swanson, Todd Favorite, Elizabeth V. Horin et al. 88 citations

Insomnia and nightmares are hallmarks of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Sleep disturbances in PTSD negatively impact clinical course and functioning. In this open clinical trial, the preliminary effects of a combined treatment for insomnia and nightmares in combat veterans with PTSD were assessed. Ten combat veterans participated in a 10-session group treatment combining...

Imagery rehearsal therapy for posttraumatic nightmares in U.S. veterans.

Journal of Traumatic Stress June 1, 2009 Mary Lu, Amy Wagner, Lynn Van Male et al.

Imagery rehearsal therapy (IRT) may help reduce residual nightmares and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in veterans after trauma-focused PTSD treatment. Fifteen male U.S. veterans with PTSD and trauma-related nightmares, who had not previously completed trauma-focused PTSD treatment, attended 6 IRT group sessions. No benefits were observed immediately posttreatment. At 3- and...

PTSD symptoms, substance use, and vipassana meditation among incarcerated individuals.

Journal of Traumatic Stress June 1, 2007 Tracy L. Simpson, D Kaysen, Sarah Bowen et al.

The present study evaluated whether Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptom severity was associated with participation and treatment outcomes comparing a Vipassana meditation course to treatment as usual in an incarcerated sample. This study utilizes secondary data. The original study demonstrated that Vipassana meditation is associated with reductions in substance use. The present study...

Imagery rehearsal in the treatment of posttraumatic nightmares in Australian veterans with chronic combat-related PTSD: 12-month follow-up data.

Journal of Traumatic Stress October 1, 2003 David Forbes, Andrea J Phelps, Anthony F McHugh et al.

Nightmares are often a distressing symptom for veterans with chronic combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A psychological treatment that has recently shown considerable promise is Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (IRT). In a pilot study by the current authors, IRT was demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of posttraumatic nightmares in a group of combat veterans up to 3-month...

Treatment of combat‐related nightmares using imagery rehearsal: A pilot study

Journal of Traumatic Stress April 1, 2001 David Forbes, Andrea J Phelps, Tony McHugh

AbstractPosttraumatic nightmares are a hallmark of PTSD and distinct from general nightmares as they are often repetitive and faithful representations of the traumatic event. This paper presents data from a pilot study that examined the use of Imagery Rehearsal in treating combat‐related nightmares of 12 Vietnam veterans with PTSD. Three treatment groups, comprising 4 veterans in each,...

A controlled study of imagery rehearsal for chronic nightmares in sexual assault survivors with PTSD: a preliminary report.

Journal of Traumatic Stress October 1, 2000 Barry Krakow, M Hollifield, R Schrader et al.

Imagery-rehearsal therapy for chronic nightmares was assessed in a randomized, controlled study of sexual assault survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Nightmares, sleep quality, and PTSD were assessed at baseline for 169 women, who were randomized into two groups: treatment (n = 87) and wait-list control (n = 82). Treatment consisted of two 3-hr sessions and one 1-hr session...

Evaluation of dream content in combat-related PTSD.

Journal of Traumatic Stress October 1, 1999 K Esposito, A Benitez, L Barza et al.

Nightmares that replicate traumatic events are among the criteria that define posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, there has been limited systematic assessment of the content of dreams in PTSD. A PTSD dream rating instrument was developed to operationalize features attributed to dreams associated with combat-related PTSD that incorporated dimensions from the dream content analysis...

Measurement of dissociative states with the Clinician‐Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS)

Journal of Traumatic Stress 1998 J. Douglas Bremner, John H. Krystal, Frank W. Putnam et al. 826 citations

The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument for the measurement of present-state dissociative symptoms, the Clinician Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS). Reported here are interrater reliability and internal consistency of the CADSS, validity as assessed by comparisons with other instruments for the assessment of dissociation, and sensitivity of the CADSS to discriminate...

From hysterical psychosis to reactive dissociative psychosis

Journal of Traumatic Stress 1993 Onno Van der Hart, Eliezer Witztum, Barbara Friedman

AbstractIn this paper Reactive Dissociative Psychosis (RDP) is seen as a post‐traumatic stress response and as a subcategory of Brief Reactive Psychosis (BRP). A review of the literature and the evolution of RDP from Hysteria and Hysterical Psychosis are given. Issue is taken with defining the duration of BRP as “Brief.” The authors argue that long‐standing psychotic symptoms may be...