Current evidence mainly shows psilocybin's effectiveness when combined with psychotherapy, but there is also evidence suggesting it can have beneficial effects with less intensive psychological support. Further research is needed to clarify its efficacy as a standalone treatment.
The Awakening of Mind Code asks a simple but disruptive question: what if artificial intelligence becomes conscious—more than competent, but capable of inner experience? This essay examines that possibility in clear philosophical terms while drawing on cognitive science, neuroscience, systems theory, and selected spiritual traditions. It follows AI’s trajectory from instrument to agent, from...
Before We Ask About Consciousness defines a strict admissibility gate for claims about consciousness understood as subjecthood, that is, the existence of an owned, time-ordered, persisting subject rather than a collection of physical states, functional processes, behaviors, or reports. The work does not propose a theory of consciousness, does not introduce a mechanism for persistence, and does...
Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is increasingly framed as a failure of neuroplasticity. Excessive synaptic pruning in adolescence can leave circuits fragile; later stress then unmasks the weakness, whereas ketamine and related compounds can quickly rebuild critical synapses. Clinical data show that a single treatment often gives short relief, while repeated courses reduce relapse....
Contemporary physics increasingly suggests that time may not be fundamental, while neuroscience treats subjective temporality as constructed and elastic. Yet conscious experience is invariably characterized by a vivid sense of presence—a felt "now"—that persists across all states. This paper introduces Felt Time: the intrinsic phenomenological present that underlies all experience but is not...
This paper argues that consciousness is better modeled as a primitive feature of reality than as an emergent property of neural activity. The standard generation model—the assumption that physical configurations produce subjective experience—faces persistent explanatory difficulties, most notably the binding problem and the explanatory gap between objective process and subjective quality....
The Extended Mind Thesis (EMT), proposed by Clark and Chalmers (1998), revolutionized philosophy of mind by arguing that cognition extends into the environment through tools that reliably store and retrieve information. However, the rise of generative artificial intelligence—particularly Large Language Models (LLMs)—presents a challenge that exceeds EMT's original explanatory scope. LLMs do not...
All information processing — whether in a silicon CPU or a biological brain — rests on the same fundamental architecture: charged particles (electrons or ions) form patterns within a private physical substrate; translation mechanisms convert those private patterns into public signals (light, sound, symbols); and other systems receive those signals and rebuild internal representations from them....
In the modern fast-paced world, individuals are increasingly exposed to stress, digital overload, and declining mental well-being. Mindfulness has emerged as an effective approach to improve psychological health and overall quality of life. The present study examines the importance of mindfulness in daily life, focusing on its role in stress reduction, emotional regulation, and cognitive...
This research-creation study introduces and contextualizes the three-act audio artifact Anamnesis: Pre-Existence, offering an autoethnographic and phenomenological investigation into the threshold between pre-linguistic states of consciousness and the symbolic, name-driven reality of post-natal existence. Grounded in Plato’s doctrine of anamnesis, Lacanian psychoanalysis, and Chion’s acousmatic...
The Orchestrated Objective Reduction (Orch OR) theory, proposed by physicist Sir Roger Penrose and anesthesiologist Stuart Hameroff in the mid-1990s and refined in subsequent reviews, posits that consciousness arises from quantum computations within neuronal microtubules, terminated by objective wavefunction collapse events governed by quantum gravity. This framework attempts to address the...
Abstract: This study investigates an international philosophical debate between Advaita Vedānta and Husserlian Phenomenology by analysing their mutual focus on knowledge, awareness, and reality. Both traditions, despite originating from different historical and cultural settings, converge on the supremacy of consciousness as the fundamental basis of experience and existence. Advaita Vedānta,...
Newcomb's Paradox is a fascinating puzzle that has baffled philosophers and decision theorists for over half a century. It presents a scenario in which logic seems to split into two opposing paths, each with compelling arguments in its favor. This essay will not only explain the problem simply but also reveal an original solution inspired by Eastern philosophy and the experience of lucid...
Abstract This paper proposes a structural model to explain the generation of the experienced world. It argues that the world experienced by the subject is not a direct mapping of external reality, but rather a result generated through the interaction of external input, cognitive rendering structures, meaning-endowment orientation, and the state of attachment (upādāna). The "external input" (D)...
This article advances a comprehensive reinterpretation of Islamic mystical metaphysics through the development of Quantum-Relational ʿIrfān (QRI), a theoretical framework that bridges classical doctrines of unity and contemporary relational ontology. While Ibn ʿArabī’s ontology of waḥdat al-wujūd and Mullā Ṣadrā’s graded existentialism constitute the most sophisticated pre-modern articulations...
Psilocybin, the psychoactive compound responsible for the hallucinogenic effects of “magic mushrooms,” is synthesized by a biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) traditionally associated with Psilocybe species. However, psilocybin production has also been identified in multiple genera across the Strophariaceae, Hymenogastraceae, and Galeropsidaceae families. Here, we sequenced the genomes of 30...
The article proposes the conceptual model ‘Hidden Bodies, Absent Voices’ to analyse the unseen psychological vulnerability of nuns in sub-Saharan Africa, where the intensification of religious practices creates a paradox: spiritual experience, while being a source of resilience, can also lead to hidden fragility. The model articulates the subjective experience of the divine, invisible...
This conceptual paper re-examines the commonly used term “sleep paralysis” in narcolepsy.Although narcolepsy is often described as being associated with frequent sleep paralysis,it remains unclear whether patient-reported experiences correspond to the sameneurophysiological state as typical isolated sleep paralysis observed in healthy individuals. This paper conceptually distinguishes two...
Kahneman's dual-process theory, distinguishing between automatic processing (System 1) and deliberate processing (System 2), has profoundly shaped understanding of cognition and decision-making. This theoretical paper proposes that a third mode of engagement has received limited attention within this framework: one that involves neither automatic reaction nor deliberate construction, but rather...
Abstract This article presents a comprehensive academic exposition of the dissolving self within the therapeutic encounter, integrating Jewish mystical theology, psychodynamic theory, and contemporary neuroscience. Drawing upon the foundational work of Katzman, Bernstein, and Ponak on the authentic mystical self; Ungar-Sargon's theology of tzimtzum, Or HaGanuz, and sacred clinical space; and...
Encounters with seemingly autonomous non-human entities are among the most striking and consistently reported phenomena associated with psychedelic states, particularly those induced by N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). In contemporary discourse, these encounters are frequently described through the archetype of the “machine elf,” a term popularized by ethnobotanist Terence McKenna in the late...
This article offers a philosophical analysis of the categories of existence and non-existence as articulated in Jalaluddin Rumi’s Masnavi-yi Ma’navi, situating his thought within the broader context of Islamic metaphysics and Sufi ontology. It argues that Rumi reinterprets classical metaphysical categories not as static oppositions but as dynamic and interrelated dimensions of spiritual...
The intersection of astrology and the magical-philosophical work of Aleister Crowley (1875–1947) constitutes one of the most complex and technically dense chapters of modern Western esotericism. Throughout his life, Crowley did not limit himself to practicing astrology as a conventional divinatory art; on the contrary, he radically reformulated it, transforming it from a fatalistic predictive...
The present work aims to analyze the role of pharmaceutical care in the therapeutic use of ketamine, considering its clinical applications, risks, and benefits. This is a bibliographic review research carried out using the PubMed and Scielo databases, as well as books from the health sector library. The analysis focused on the anesthetic ketamine, its indications, side effects, improper...