American Indian youth who use alcohol or marijuana in the past 30 days are more likely to use peyote, whether for spiritual or recreational purposes, though the link is stronger for recreational use. Youth who report higher religiosity and stronger cultural identity are more likely to use peyote spiritually but not recreationally. Grade, sex, and religious affiliation did not predict either type of peyote use. The findings come from a secondary analysis of survey data from 3,861 American Indian youth and suggest that prevention and treatment models should distinguish spiritual from recreational hallucinogen use in this population.
A mindfulness-based intervention combined with community mentoring, compared to mentoring alone, reduced the negative effects of daily life stressors on momentary mindfulness and emotion regulation among adolescents exposed to chronic stressors. In a randomized trial with 81 adolescents (average age 13.75 years; 56% boys; 24% Hispanic/Latino, 57% White), those receiving the mindfulness intervention showed small but significant improvements in mindful attention, mindful nonjudgment, and emotion regulation difficulties at postintervention. The findings suggest mindfulness training may buffer adolescents from the harmful impacts of stress in daily life.
People who use psilocybin outside of clinical settings show diverse patterns of consumption. Three distinct user profiles emerged, differing in how often and how much psilocybin they used, and these profiles were linked to specific demographic traits. The findings suggest that psilocybin use is not uniform and that future research should investigate what influences different use outcomes and explore the variability in how people use the substance.
American Indian (AI) and non-AI youth living on or near reservations show largely similar rates of using substances often grouped as 'other' (inhalants, MDMA, hallucinogens, prescription opioids, over-the-counter cold medicines), though some regional and sex-based differences emerge. In two regions, AI youth had higher odds of using any 'other' substance than non-AI youth, while in the Southeast and Northwest they were less likely to use prescription opioids and over-the-counter cold medicines, respectively. Males in the Southwest were more likely than females to use inhalants, hallucinogens, and tranquilizers. The Southern Plains region reported the highest prevalence of 'other' substance use overall. These patterns can guide targeted prevention and intervention.