Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
March 1, 2022
Deborah Rudin, John D. Mccorvy, Grant C. Glatfelter et al.
18 citations
Derivatives of (2-aminopropyl)indole (API) and (2-aminopropyl)benzofuran (APB) are new psychoactive substances which produce stimulant effects in vivo. (2-Aminopropyl)benzo[β]thiophene (APBT) is a novel sulfur-based analog of API and APB that has not been pharmacologically characterized. In the current study, we assessed the pharmacological effects of six APBT positional isomers in vitro, and...
Drug Testing and Analysis
November 27, 2021
Simon D. Brandt, Pierce V. Kavanagh, Folker Westphal et al.
19 citations
Abstract The psychopharmacological properties of the psychedelic drug lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) have attracted the interest of several generations of scientists. While further explorations involving novel LSD‐type compounds are needed to assess their potential as medicinal drugs, the emergence of novel derivatives as recreational drugs has also been observed. 1‐Valeroyl‐LSD (also known...
Drug Testing and Analysis
May 22, 2021
Simon D. Brandt, Pierce V. Kavanagh, Folker Westphal et al.
12 citations
Abstract Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a potent psychoactive substance that has attracted great interest in clinical research. As the pharmacological exploration of LSD analogs continues to grow, some of those analogs have appeared on the street market. Given that LSD analogs are uncontrolled in many jurisdictions, it is important that these analogs be differentiated from LSD. This report...
Drug Testing and Analysis
August 24, 2020
Simon D. Brandt, Pierce V. Kavanagh, Folker Westphal et al.
5 citations
Recent investigations have shown that N-ethyl-N-cyclopropyl lysergamide (ECPLA) produces LSD-like behavioral effects in mice, which suggests that it may act as a hallucinogen in humans. Although the use of ECPLA as a recreational drug has been limited, key analytical data that can be used to detect ECPLA are required for future forensic and clinical investigations. ECPLA is an isomer of...
Drug Testing and Analysis
March 16, 2020
Simon D. Brandt, Pierce V. Kavanagh, Folker Westphal et al.
38 citations
Abstract Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a prototypical serotonergic psychedelic drug and the subject of many clinical investigations. In recent years, a range of lysergamides has emerged with the production of some being inspired by the existing scientific literature. Others, for example various 1‐acyl substituted lysergamides, did not exist before their appearance as research chemicals....
Drug Testing and Analysis
May 13, 2019
Simon D. Brandt, Pierce V. Kavanagh, Folker Westphal et al.
72 citations
Abstract The psychedelic properties of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) have captured the imagination of researchers for many years and its rediscovery as an important research tool is evidenced by its clinical use within neuroscientific and therapeutic settings. At the same time, a number of novel LSD analogs have recently emerged as recreational drugs, which makes it necessary to study their...
Drug Testing and Analysis
April 30, 2019
Michael Dybek, Jason Wallach, Pierce V. Kavanagh et al.
9 citations
Abstract A number of substances based on the 1,2‐diarylethylamine template have been investigated for various potential clinical applications whereas others have been encountered as research chemicals sold for non‐medical use. Some of these substances have transpired to function as NMDA receptor antagonists that elicit dissociative effects in people who use these substances recreationally....
Drug Testing and Analysis
April 19, 2018
Gavin McLaughlin, Michael H. Baumann, Pierce V. Kavanagh et al.
8 citations
The availability of new psychoactive substances (NPS) on the recreational drug market continues to create challenges for scientists in the forensic, clinical and toxicology fields. Phenmetrazine (3-methyl-2-phenylmorpholine) and an array of its analogs form a class of psychostimulants that are well documented in the patent and scientific literature. The present study reports on two...
Drug Testing and Analysis
2017
Simon D. Brandt, Pierce V. Kavanagh, Geraldine Dowling et al.
16 citations
Many N,N-dialkylated tryptamines show psychoactive properties in humans and the number of derivatives involved in multidisciplinary areas of research has grown over the last few decades. Whereas some derivatives form the basis of a range of medicinal products, others are predominantly encountered as recreational drugs, and in some cases, the areas of therapeutic and recreational use can...
Drug Testing and Analysis
August 15, 2016
Gavin McLaughlin, Noreen Morris, Pierce V. Kavanagh et al.
23 citations
3‐Methoxy‐2‐(methylamino)‐1‐(4‐methylphenyl)propan‐1‐one (mexedrone) appeared in 2015 and was advertised by UK Internet retailers as a non‐controlled mephedrone derivative (2‐(methylamino)‐1‐(4‐methylphenyl)propan‐1‐one), which was of particular interest to countries who operate generic drugs legislation. This study describes the synthesis and analytical characterization of mexedrone and the...
Drug Testing and Analysis
June 1, 2015
John D. Power, Pierce V. Kavanagh, John O'Brien et al.
12 citations
2-Amino-1-(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one (bk-2C-B) has been recently offered for purchase by a variety of Internet retailers. This substance may be considered a cathinone analogue of the phenethylamine 2-(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethan-1-amine (2C-B) which suggests that it may have psychoactive effects in humans. A test purchase of bk-2C-B was carried out and its identity was...
Drug Testing and Analysis
October 20, 2014
Gavin McLaughlin, Noreen Morris, Pierce V. Kavanagh et al.
18 citations
The recent occurrence of deaths associated with the psychostimulant cis-4,4'-dimethylaminorex (4,4'-DMAR) in Europe indicated the presence of a newly emerged psychoactive substance on the market. Subsequently, the existence of 3,4-methylenedioxy-4-methylaminorex (MDMAR) has come to the authors' attention and this study describes the synthesis of cis- and trans-MDMAR followed by extensive...