Knowledge Commons (Lakehead University)
July 3, 2026
Osama S Qatrani
Philosophy does not fail when it becomes difficult; it fails when it becomes non-examinable. Original tool CBIT: a test for definition, method, evidence, and metaphor control. Published cases Dennett-style imitation, LLM consciousness, and quantum-consciousness overextension. Aim Defend interdisciplinary dialogue from method substitution and false depth. Boundary is not censorship; boundary is...
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
June 17, 2026
Osama S Qatrani
Claims about artificial consciousness increasingly combine behavioural performance, computational description, neuroscientific theory, philosophical possibility, physical analogy, and religious or spiritual interpretation. Interdisciplinarity is valuable, but it becomes scientifically unstable when evidence from one domain is used to validate a conclusion in another without an explicit,...
Osama S Qatrani
This paper critically examines the claim that artificial intelligence (AI) may one day equal human consciousness. It argues that AI, while a powerful tool capable of accelerating research and managing vast datasets, remains a human artifact—limited, dependent, and derivative. Unlike human consciousness, which is rooted in freedom, imagination, and lived experience, AI functions through...
Osama S Qatrani
This paper offers a critical response to Frank Zindler's 1984 essay "Religion, Hypnosis, and Music: An Evolutionary Perspective." Zindler proposes that religious experience is a neurobiological byproduct of hypnotic suggestibility and musical stimulation-an adaptive illusion rather than a valid epistemic framework. While acknowledging Zindler's historical context and intellectual sincerity,...
Osama S Qatrani
preprint
In recent years, countless articles, media debates, and online discussions have proliferated across journalism, philosophy, theology, and science. Since 2023, the public release of large language models such as ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini has further reignited debates on machine awareness. While these systems can simulate dialogue and creativity at unprecedented scales, scholars increasingly...