Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Membrane Transport and Signalling
February 28, 2012
David E. Nichols
80 citations
Abstract Of the 14 known types of serotonin receptors one of the most extensively studied is the 5‐HT 2A (5‐hydroxytryptamine) receptor. In the brain, this receptor plays a key role in regulation of cortical function and cognition, appears to be the principal target for the hallucinogenic/psychedelic drugs such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and also is a target for the newest atypical...
Neuropsychopharmacology
February 2012
Lucila Kargieman, Maurizio S Riga, Francesc Artigas et al.
The non-competitive NMDA receptor (NMDA-R) antagonist phencyclidine (PCP)-used as a pharmacological model of schizophrenia-disrupts prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity. PCP markedly increased the discharge rate of pyramidal neurons and reduced slow cortical oscillations (SCO; 0.15-4 Hz) in rat PFC. Both effects were reversed by classical (haloperidol) and atypical (clozapine) antipsychotic drugs....
European Journal of Pharmacology
January 15, 2012
Samanta Yubero‐lahoz, Mario A Ayestas, Bruce E. Blough et al.
(±)-3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is an illicit drug that evokes transporter-mediated release of serotonin (5-HT) in the brain. 5-HT transporter (SERT) proteins are also expressed in non-neural tissues (e.g., blood), and evidence suggests that MDMA targets platelet SERT to increase plasma 5-HT. Here we tested two hypotheses related to the effects of MDMA on circulating 5-HT. First,...
PLoS One
2012
Anne Klomp, Bjørnar den Hollander, Kora de Bruin et al.
Little is known on the effects of ecstasy (MDMA, a potent 5-HT-releaser and neurotoxin) exposure on brain development in teenagers. The objective of this study was to investigate whether in humans, like previous observations made in animals, the effects of MDMA on the 5-HT system are dependent on age-of-first exposure. 5-HT transporter (SERT) densities in the frontal cortex and midbrain were...
Rinsho shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology
2012
Hideho Arita
To gain insight into the neurophysiological mechanisms involved in Zen meditation, we evaluated the effects of abdominal (Tanden) breathing in novices. We investigated hemodynamic changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), an ttention-related brain region, using 24-channel near-infrared spectroscopy during a 20-munite session of Tanden breathing in 15 healthy volunteers. We found that the level of...
Seeing and Perceiving
2012
David Luke, Devin B. Terhune, Ross Friday
11 citations
The neurobiology of synaesthesia is receiving growing attention in the search for insights into consciousness, such as the binding problem. One way of decoding the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying this phenomenon is to investigate the induction of synaesthesia via neurochemical agents, as commonly occurs with psychedelic substances. How synaesthesia is affected by drugs can also help inform...
Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
December 15, 2011
Emmanuelle A. D. Schindler, Kuldip D. Dave, Elaine M. Smolock et al.
18 citations
RationaleAfter decades of social stigma, hallucinogens have reappeared in the clinical literature demonstrating unique benefits in medicine. The precise behavioral pharmacology of these compounds remains unclear, however.ObjectivesTwo commonly studied hallucinogens, (±)-1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), were investigated both in vivo and...
Journal of Neuroinflammation
December 1, 2011
Andrea Mayado, Elisa Torres, Maria D Gutierrez-Lopez et al.
8 citations
AbstractBackgroundPreconditioning is a phenomenon by which tolerance develops to injury by previous exposure to a stressor of mild severity. Previous studies have shown that single or repeated low dose MDMA can attenuate 5-HT transporter loss produced by a subsequent neurotoxic dose of the drug. We have explored the mechanism of delayed preconditioning by low dose MDMA.MethodsMale Dark Agouti...
ACS Chemical Neuroscience
October 21, 2011
Tori L. Schaefer, Curtis E. Grace, Matthew R. Skelton et al.
5 citations
Neonatal exposure to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) produces long-term learning and memory deficits and increased anxiety-like behavior. The mechanism underlying these behavioral changes is unknown but we hypothesized that it involves perturbations to the serotonergic system as this is the principle mode of action of MDMA in the adult brain. During development 5-HT is a neurotrophic...
Synapse
October 2011
Melanie Mueller, Jie Yuan, Concepcion Maldonado Adrian et al.
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)'s O-demethylenated metabolite, 3,4-dihydroxymethamphetamine (HHMA), has been hypothesized to serve as a precursor for the formation of toxic catechol-thioether metabolites (e.g., 5-N-acetylcystein-S-yl-HHMA) that mediate MDMA neurotoxicity. To further test this hypothesis, HHMA formation was blocked with dextromethorphan (DXM), which competitively...