Ideals play important roles in human life and psychology. Over the past decade, several mindfulness-based interventions have directly cultivated ideal mentalities that have not yet been achieved at the level of humanity, leading to the establishment of ideal psychology. Beyond research on ideal mentalities, ideal psychology has evolved into a general psychological approach characterized by...
Lucid dreaming, defined as the experience of becoming aware of dreaming while still immersed in a dream, offers a unique window into a state of consciousness characterized by a blending of the sensory vividness of REM sleep with the self-awareness of wakefulness. While past functional imaging has shed light on the neural activity supporting lucid dreaming, the structural brain correlates of...
Background: While psychedelics are often claimed to enhance creativity, their precise effects on distinct stages of creative cognition remain poorly understood. This study investigated the acute effects of an ayahuasca-inspired formulation combining N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and harmine (DMT/HAR), as well as harmine alone (HAR), on micro-level (divergent/convergent thinking) and macro-level...
While psychedelics are often claimed to enhance creativity, their precise effects on distinct stages of creative cognition remain poorly understood. This study investigated the acute effects of an ayahuasca-inspired formulation combining N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and harmine (DMT/HAR), as well as harmine alone (HAR), on micro-level (divergent/convergent thinking) and macro-level (creative...
Abstract The search for neural correlates of consciousness has always been a hot topic in the field of consciousness. Previous studies have shown that high-density transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) can promote the recovery of consciousness level in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC). This study intends to explore the neuromodulatory effects of HD-tDCS at different...
Abstract This chapter explores Husserl’s innovative conception of immanent time in three parts: retention, now-moments, and protention. It explains his advance relative to Brentano’s conception of time and memory being the result of “productive imagination.” Early on, it demonstrates that sensation, welling up from the body, both accounted for our feeling of temporal flow and depended on that...
Abstract The chapter addresses the ego as a legacy of idealism and in light of Avenarius’s critiques of it. It compares the function and history of the ‘ego’ in Freud’s neurology and in Husserl’s evolving phenomenology, wherein the ego was firstly ‘absolute subjectivity’ (1905) only to grow more complex in Ideas I and II. This chapter discusses how Husserl’s turn to the phenomenological subject...
The (Stream of consciousness) is considered as the most common and novel technique which to a larger extent is concerned with contemporary novel. It was first introduced through the (Ejdîha - Dragon) which belongs to (Muhammad Mukery). Since then, its characteristics have appeared in Kurdish Novel and its principles have been revitalized. Mukery in his novel embodied the characteristics and...
This paper interrogates philosophically the notion of moral injury, a syndrome that has ethics built into its definition: moral injury is not only a trauma associated with psychological suffering and cognitive disruption; it is also a process of moral degradation and loss of ethical competency. I argue that the enactivist approach to cognition, especially the “patternist” and interactionist...
This paper examines the epistemological, ontological and mystical aspects of St. Augustine's thought, showing how his reflection on faith, religious experience and cognition shapes a coherent vision of the human relationship with God. The central theme is the search for the light of truth, which, in Augustine's view, involves both intellectual speculation and profound spiritual experience. The...