For over 2,500 years, liberation (moksha, nirvana, kaivalya) has remained the declared goal of multiple contemplative traditions, yet no operationally defined, cross-culturally applicable, empirically testable framework has existed for determining whether a given historical figure or living person has achieved it. This article presents a structural analysis of Krishna’s documented...
Background: Current developmental theories inadequately address the integration between analytical and holistic cognitive processing in consciousness evolution. Drawing from 30 years of clinical observation and comparative religious studies, we propose a theoretical framework wherein consciousness development depends on balanced cultivation of left-hemispheric (analytical) and right-hemispheric...
This paper advances a multidisciplinary ontological model termed The Geomorphological Mind. It establishes a profound structural, psychological, and spiritual parallelism between the undulating physical geomorphology of the Earth system and the deep architecture of human consciousness. Operating on the premise that the Earth is a living manifestation of divine consciousness, this study examines...
Spirituality is a crucial yet complex element of holistic nursing care, particularly when providing care for older adults with depression. In Thailand, depression poses a significant mental health challenge. Thai cultural values are deeply interwoven with individuals' beliefs, making spirituality a critical factor in addressing the care of older adults with depression. This study aimed to...
In many settings, postgraduate psychiatry training now emphasizes neuroscience, evidence-based treatment, diagnostic criteria, and structured psychological models. These advances have improved psychiatric care in important ways. They have strengthened diagnosis, expanded treatment options, and improved scientific understanding of mental illness. At the same time, this increasing focus on...
Isolating the neural correlates of consciousness is a paramount challenge in neuroscience. In electroencephalographic research, two event-related potentials have been identified as candidate markers of visual awareness: the visual awareness negativity (VAN) and the P3b (or late positivity). To rigorously evaluate their validity as neural correlates of consciousness, we conducted the first...
Hatha Yoga Pradipika describes Shatkarma as an essential system of yogic purification practices intended to cleanse the body, mind, and consciousness and prepare the practitioner for higher stages of yoga. The present research paper analyze six cleansing techniques and their impact on physical, mental, and spiritual health. According to Hatha Yoga Pradipika, the accumulation of impurities,...
Abstract This article argues for the significance of modernist fiction to the history of depersonalization, a psychiatric concept that describes the feeling of estrangement or detachment from one's own thoughts, feelings, sensations, body, or actions. It also suggests that reading modernism with a focus on depersonalized experience helps to distinguish “high” from “late” modernism, and to...
: The nature of the self remains a central enigma in philosophy and a key frontier in science. This paper develops a novel “Dynamic Self-Model”—the “minimal self” emerges from the rapid alternation between “awareness” (A) and “awareness-of-awareness” (AoA)—inspired by phenomenological insights from Buddhist meditation. As a core component, we define AoA—typically not accessible to ordinary...
This paper examines Whereabouts of the Anonymous: Explorations of the Invisible by Rajorshi Patranabis as a distinctive contribution to contemporary Indian writing in English that reconfigures the genre of supernatural memoir. Blending lyrical prose with episodic narration, the text resists sensationalist representations of the paranormal and instead foregrounds an introspective,...