International Review of Psychiatry
June 1, 2016
Nirmala Maruthai, Ravindra P. Nagendra, Arun Sasidharan et al.
The present study is aimed to ascertain whether differences in meditation proficiency alter rapid eye movement sleep (REM sleep) as well as the overall sleep-organization. Whole-night polysomnography was carried out using 32-channel digital EEG system. 20 senior Vipassana meditators, 16 novice Vipassana meditators and 19 non-meditating control subjects participated in the study. The REM sleep...
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology
May 27, 2016
C. Olsen
Background: Esketamine and ketamine have been shown to produce rapid antidepressant action in patients with treatmentresistant depression (TRD). The aim of the current study was to assess the efficacy, safety and dose response of intranasal esketamine in patients with TRD. Methods: This was a 2-Panel, doubly-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study. Panel A was conducted...
Biological Psychiatry
May 12, 2016
Marc S. Lener, Mark J. Niciu, E. Ballard et al.
In patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD), abnormalities in excitatory and/or inhibitory neurotransmission and neuronal plasticity may lead to aberrant functional connectivity patterns within large brain networks. Network dysfunction in association with altered brain levels of glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) have been identified in both animal...
L'Encephale
April 2016
J F Costemale-Lacoste, J P Guilloux, Raphaël Gaillard
Since the discovery of antidepressants, new treatments have emerged with fewer side effects but no greater efficacy. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 β (GSK-3β), a kinase known for its activity on glycogen synthesis, has in the last few years raised growing interest in biological psychiatry. Several efficient treatments in major depression have an inhibitory effect on this kinase, which could be...
eNeuro
March 1, 2016
A. Soumier, Ray M. Carter, Timothy J. Schoenfeld et al.
Abstract Virtually all antidepressant agents increase the birth of granule neurons in the adult dentate gyrus in rodents, providing a key basis for the neurogenesis hypothesis of antidepressant action. The novel antidepressant ketamine, however, shows antidepressant activity in humans within hours, far too rapid for a mechanism involving neuronal birth. Ketamine could potentially act more...
eNeuro
March 1, 2016
Victoria Phoumthipphavong, Florent Barthas, Samantha Hassett et al.
142 citations
A single subanesthetic dose of ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, leads to fast-acting antidepressant effects. In rodent models, systemic ketamine is associated with higher dendritic spine density in the prefrontal cortex, reflecting structural remodeling that may underlie the behavioral changes. However, turnover of dendritic spines is a dynamic process in vivo, and the longitudinal...
PLoS One
February 22, 2016
Daniela Dentico, Fabio Ferrarelli, Brady A. Riedner et al.
43 citations
STUDY OBJECTIVES: We have recently shown higher parietal-occipital EEG gamma activity during sleep in long-term meditators compared to meditation-naive individuals. This gamma increase was specific for NREM sleep, was present throughout the entire night and correlated with meditation expertise, thus suggesting underlying long-lasting neuroplastic changes induced through prolonged training. The...
Scientific Reports
January 19, 2016
Qing-Sheng Zhang, Yinghua Yu, Xu-Feng Huang
Accumulating evidence suggests that reducing neurite outgrowth and synaptic plasticity plays a critical role in the pathology of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist phencyclidine (PCP) can induce symptoms of schizophrenia as well as reduce dendritic spine density and neurite growth. The antipsychotic drug olanzapine may improve these deficits. This...
Open Journal of Medical Psychology
2016
Javier Álvarez-Rodríguez
We analyze certain mental automatisms appearing in the consciousness with phenomenological features of simple partial seizures (SPSs). We propose to include all these phenomena into a cognitive function to which we term hyperia. In this paper, we analyze the similarities between the nature of this cognitive function and the mechanisms used by our brain to elicit neuronal plasticity.
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
2016
Hongyu Yang, Amber M Leaver, Prabha Siddarth et al.
Behavioral interventions are becoming increasingly popular approaches to ameliorate age-related cognitive decline, but their underlying neurobiological mechanisms and clinical efficiency have not been fully elucidated. The present study explored brain plasticity associated with two behavioral interventions, memory enhancement training (MET) and a mind-body practice (yogic meditation), in...