What should one do with a writer about mystical experience if he lacks that experience? Does this thinker have the right to speak about it? I am one of those outsiders who—as far as I am aware—has not had any mystical experience. Yet there are holes in this reasoning when one considers that there are phenomena very similar to, and perhaps overlapping with, mystical experiences that people...
This paper examines the intersection between religiosity and the psyche in the work of Carl Gustav Jung, focusing on the concepts of symbol, collective unconscious, and archetype. Based on the Jungian definition of religion as an experience of the ‘numinous’, we analyze how these notions underpin the understanding of religiosity as an expression of universal psychic structures. The study...
This article develops a new materialist approach to the representation of mystical-type experiences in Virtual Reality (VR). It investigates how sensory modalities and virtual environments are employed to translate the indeterminate and invisible qualities of mental states and evoke experiences of liminal consciousness that are characteristic of mystical-type experiences associated with...
Religious traditions across cultures are structured around conceptual frameworks that articulate ultimate reality and prescribe practices by which practitioners orient themselves toward it. While these frameworks are indispensable for religious formation, this paper argues that they possess an internal limit: when fully enacted, they reach a point at which conceptual mediation ceases to...
Wana Alus in Pencu Hamlet, Terong Village, Dlingo District, Bantul, is a forest area steeped in mystical narratives and religious practices that live on in the community's collective memory. Its popularity has surged again after its local stories were featured in the film *Kemah Terlarang*, which positioned the forest as both a mysterious space and a symbol of spirituality. This research begins...
In Ken Russell’s film Altered States (1980), the character Dr. Jessup (played by William Hurt) is a psychopathologist who embarks on a journey of intellectual and spiritual self-discovery. After experimenting with isolation tanks, Jessup travels to Mexico to take part in the religious practices of the Indigenous Hinchi, a ceremony that includes ingesting the hallucinogenic mushroom Amanita...
Abstract Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly consulted by individuals for support during psychedelic experiences ("trip sitting"), yet no framework exists to evaluate whether these models can accurately simulate or safely respond to altered states of consciousness. We aimed to determine if LLMs can be induced to generate narratives resembling human psychedelic experiences and to...
Abstract Objectives Meditation techniques have attracted increasing interdisciplinary attention. However, no comprehensive, robust classification system has integrated practices across diverse traditions. This study addresses this gap by developing a unifying framework for categorizing meditation techniques. Methods Two complementary studies were conducted. In Study 1, qualitative responses...
The self is central to spirituality because the self is necessary for consciousness, and spiritual relations are fundamentally about the self. Diverse research illustrates the role of the downregulation of the right parietal lobe (rPL) in the spontaneous manifestation of spiritual experiences and during meditative practices. The functions of the rPL are central to the self, especially the...
Magnesium-ibogaine, a formulation combining ibogaine with pre- and post-treatment magnesium, was recently found to yield rapid clinical improvements in U.S. Special Operations veterans with TBI and PTSD. Yet, its therapeutic phenomenology during such healing is unknown. We analyzed post-session narratives from 30 male veterans who, after a single open-label magnesium-ibogaine treatment,...