Addiction
July 1, 1997
Valerie H. Curran, Ross A. Travill
283 citations
Abstract Aims. Recreational use of ± 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘ecstasy’) is widespread. The present study aimed to examine both the acute and residual effects of this drug on users' mood and cognitive Junction. Design and participants. A parallel group design was used to compare 12 participants who reported having taken MDMA with 12 participants who reported having consumed only...
British Journal of Pharmacology
June 1, 1997
María Isabel Colado, Esther O’shea, R Granados et al.
176 citations
It is well established that 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or ‘ecstasy’) is neurotoxic and produces long term degeneration of cerebral 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) nerve terminals in many species. Since MDMA is used extensively as a recreational drug by young people, it is being ingested by many women of child bearing age. We have therefore examined the effect of administering high doses...
Pharmacology & Toxicology
May 1, 1997
Ivone de Souza, John R. Kelly, Andrew Harkin et al.
29 citations
Abstract: This study examined some acute pharmacological and toxicological effects of 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “Ecstasy”) over a range of doses (20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 mg/kg orally) in adult female rats. Deaths were observed from the 40 mg/kg MDMA group onwards. Reductions in body weight change, food and water intake were found in the 80 mg/kg group, whilst food intake alone...
Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental
May 1, 1997
D. Davison, A. C. Parrott
136 citations
Twenty recreational drug users were asked to describe the psychological and physiological effects they experienced under MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine). The subjects comprised 11 males and nine females, in the age range 18–31 years. Five subjects had taken MDMA once, nine had taken it 2–9 times, while six subjects had taken it +10 times. Each subject completed a modified Profile of...
Greek Tragedy and the Historian
March 27, 1997
Robin Osborne
Abstract: This book is concerned with what sort of histories can and cannot be written on the basis of the representations of tragedy. In this paper I want to look not just at the representations of maenads in tragedy but also in art, and in particular on Athenian pots, and to ask two questions: first, how do the representations on pots relate to the representations in drama? and second, can we...
Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie
February 1, 1997
Rainer Thomasius, Margit Schmolke, Dana Kraus
Epidemiological research and Substance Abuse Warning Systems point to a sharp increase in the use of "Ecstasy" (MDMA), as well as to structural changes in the drug scene in and outside Europe. For some consumers, "Ecstasy" opens the door to the abuse of other illegal substances. Since the mid-eighties psychiatric complications and consequences of the abuse of MDMA have been reported in at least...
The FASEB Journal
February 1, 1997
Rabi Simantov, M Tauber
89 citations
The widely abused amphetamine analog 3,4‐methylenecdioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, also called “ecstasy”) induces hallucination and psychostimulation, as well as long‐term neuropsychiatric behaviors such as panic and psychosis. In rodents and monkeys, MDMA is cytotoxic to serotonergic neurons, but this is less clear with humans. Herein, MDMA was cytotoxic to human serotonergic JAR cells; it altered...
Journal of Drug Education
December 1, 1996
Carrie A. Elk
22 citations
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; “Ecstacy”) is an amphetamine derivative that is related chemically to both amphetamines and hallucinogens. Despite reports of an increase in MDMA usage among adolescents and young adults in the past decade, systematic scientific information concerning MDMA and its effects remains insufficient, thus limiting or eliminating MDMA from inclusion in the drug...
BMJ
September 1, 1996
The management of severe hyponatraemia remains controversial,4 5 especially the use of hypertonic saline as advocated in one of the other previous reports.'Modern intensive care principles advocate very slow correction of hyponatraemia with a low water input (even if the patient is dehydrated), so I agree with this and other reports' that it is unrestricted intake of oral or intravenous water...
BMJ
September 1, 1996
B Wilkins
ent from the international non-proprietary name.On the other hand, the World Health Organisation cannot impose on these countries a name that they consider to be unacceptable.The most logical solution would be to set up bilateral discussions between the organisation's experts and the national nomenclature committees with a view to the adoption of a single non- proprietary name for those drugs...