Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology
2001
M T Quail, P Weimersheimer, A D Woolf et al.
Background: Telazol (tiletamine hydrochloride 50 mg/mL, zolazepam hydrochloride 50 mg/mL) is utilized in veterinary medicine as a small-animal anesthetic. Telazol is comparable to ketamine in efficacy, and in conjunction with ketamine, has been responsible for one reported human fatality. We report a case of a woman who abused telazol. Case report: A 30-year-old female employee at a local zoo...
Neurotoxicology and Teratology
2001
E Ho, L Karimi-Tabesh, G Koren
To determine the characteristics of pregnant women who use Ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, MDMA), and to identify reproductive risk factors associated with this group of women. Prospective, observational study. Pregnant women who have contacted the Motherisk Alcohol and Substance Use Helpline at The Hospital for Sick Children, in Toronto, about exposure to drugs, chemicals,...
Hippocampus
2001
R Greene
NMDA antagonists provide the best pharmacological model of psychosis-related schizophrenia. Data from circuit analysis of the effects of the antagonism of NMDA receptors in the CA1 region of the hippocampus of rats in vitro suggest a hypothesis concerning cortical circuit dysfunction responsible for NMDA antagonist-dependent psychosis, relevant to the psychosis associated with schizophrenia....
Life Sciences
December 8, 2000
Jerrold C Winter, Mireille M Doat, R A Rabin
The present investigation examined the interaction between 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine [DOM] and non-competitive NMDA antagonists in rats trained with DOM [0.6 mg/kg; 75 min pretreatment time] as a discriminative stimulus. Pretreatment with phencyclidine [PCP] at a dose of 3 mg/kg shifted the DOM dose-response relationship to the left. When a fixed dose of DOM [0.1 mg/kg] which by itself...
Brain research. Brain research reviews
March 2000
George K. Aghajanian, Gerard J. Marek
The serotonin (5-HT) hypothesis of schizophrenia arose from early studies on interactions between the hallucinogenic drug LSD (D-lysergic acid diethylamide) and 5-HT in peripheral systems. More recent studies have shown that the two major classes of psychedelic hallucinogens, the indoleamines (e.g., LSD) and phenethylamines (e.g. , mescaline), produce their central effects through a common...
Neuropsychopharmacology
July 1, 1999
J Väisänen, A M Lindén, M Lakso et al.
We have characterized excitatory effects of non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonists MK-801, PCP, and ketamine in the rat entorhinal cortex and in cultured primary entorhinal cortical neurons using expression of immediate early gene c-fos as an indicator. NMDA receptor antagonists produced a strong and dose-dependent increase in c-fos mRNA and protein expression confined to neurons in the...
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
1999
M Klein, S Calderon, B Hayes
There has been considerable interest in the potential of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists in the treatment of a diverse group of neurological disorders including cerebral ischemia and neurodegeneration. The amino acids L-glutamate and L-aspartate have been shown to possibly mediate excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system (CNS) via selective excitatory...
Behavioural Pharmacology
August 1, 1998
L. Lacroix, Christian A. Heidbreder, J. Feldon
Synaptopathies (Fall, 2022) Synaptic neurotransmission lies at the heart of nervous system's functioning. Clearly then, alterations in synaptic signal transduction can lead to a variety of neural disorders. Perhaps the most widely known of these disorders include certain movement disorders and myasthenia gravis. More recent interest in synaptic dysfunction has focused on neurodevelopmental and...
Journal of Neuroscience
July 15, 1998
B Adams, Bita Moghaddam
The behavioral syndrome produced by phencyclidine (PCP) and its analog ketamine represents a pharmacological model for some aspects of schizophrenia. Despite the multifaceted properties of these drugs, the main mechanism for their psychotomimetic and cognitive-impairing effects has been thought heretofore to involve the corticolimbic dopamine system. The present study examined the temporal...
Pharmacopsychiatry
July 1, 1998
Walid Abi‐saab, Deepak C D'Souza, Bita Moghaddam et al.
Drug models have been extensively used to study the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. While they provide good insight into the neurobiology of this disorder, they have several shortcomings, which if known, help in the interpretation of results. In this paper we will discuss these shortcomings in general, and in relation to the N-methyl D-aspartate antagonist model for schizophrenia. This model...