Oxford Handbook of Addiction Medicine
June 1, 2024
Abstract Chapter 16 of Addiction Medicine covers hallucinogens, dissociative drugs, and empathogens. Hallucinogens, also termed psychedelics, are a large and diverse group of substances, some of which occur in fungi and plants and some which are chemically synthesized. Some have psychostimulant properties as well. They include psilocybin, mescaline, dimethyltryptamine (DMT), ayahuasca, lysergic...
Psicumex
June 1, 2024
Andrea Herrera Solís, Jacqueline Cortés Morelos, Alejandra E. Ruiz Contreras et al.
Los enteógenos han surgido en la investigación clínica como un tratamiento alternativo para la Depresión Resistente al Tratamiento (DRT). Tienen efectos antidepresivos rápidos y duraderos, son ansiolíticos, y mitigan la ideación suicida. Además, inducen emociones positivas y provocan experiencias místicas o espirituales, atributos que pueden contribuir a su eficacia terapéutica, dada la...
British Journal of Pharmacology
June 1, 2024
Isabel Werle, Laura M M Nascimento, Aymee L A Dos Santos et al.
21 citations
Ayahuasca (AYA) is a botanical psychedelic with promising results in observational and small clinical trials for depression, trauma and drug use disorders. Its psychoactive effects primarily stem from N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). However, there is a lack of research on how and where AYA acts in the brain. This study addressed these questions by examining the extinction of aversive memories in...
Psychopharmacology
June 1, 2024
Paul S Soliman, Dallece E Curley, Christy Capone et al.
22 citations
Recent years have seen a resurgence in randomized, placebo controlled trials (RCTs) utilizing non-classical psychedelics (e.g. 3,4-methyl enedioxy methamphetamine [MDMA]), and classical psychedelics (e.g. psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD], and N,N-dimethyltryptamine [DMT/ayahuasca]) in conjunction with assisted therapy (AT) for psychiatric disorders. A notable methodological...
Nature
June 1, 2024
Audrey L Warren, David Lankri, Michael J. Cunningham et al.
74 citations
Psychedelic substances such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin show potential for the treatment of various neuropsychiatric disorders1-3. These compounds are thought to mediate their hallucinogenic and therapeutic effects through the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) receptor 5-HT2A (ref. 4). However, 5-HT1A also plays a part in the behavioural effects of tryptamine...
Revista Neurociências
May 28, 2024
Mariah Caroline Charafeddine Dias, Rafael Mariano de Bitenocurt
Introdução. A depressão afeta mais de 300 milhões de pessoas globalmente, é considerada uma das principais preocupações de saúde pública, sendo referida como o "mal do século". Caracterizada por diversos sintomas, desde tristeza profunda até pensamentos suicidas, o tratamento convencional envolve o uso de antidepressivos, frequentemente acompanhados de psicoterapia, mas a eficácia é variável e...
bioRxiv
May 26, 2024
Farid Aboharb, Pasha A. Davoudian, Ling-Xiao Shao et al.
preprint
Psilocybin, ketamine, and MDMA are psychoactive compounds that exert behavioral effects with distinguishable but also overlapping features. The growing interest in using these compounds as therapeutics necessitates preclinical assays that can accurately screen psychedelics and related analogs. We posit that a promising approach may be to measure drug action on markers of neural plasticity in...
May 23, 2024
Daniël Hoyer
There is controversy about a causal role of serotonin (5-HT) in depression, some arguing that there is no proof for impaired brain 5-HT function in depressed patients. Major depressive disorder comes with multiple endophenotypes; not surprisingly classical antidepressants (tricyclics, MAO inhibitors, SSRIs, SNRIs) are not universally effective. Most antidepressants target the 5-HT system,...
Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy
May 21, 2024
Christine L. Miller
Transmethylation in the context of psychiatry has historically referred to the enzymatic transfer of a methyl group from one biochemical to another, whose resulting function can change so dramatically that a biochemical like tryptamine, for example, is converted into the hallucinogen dimethyltryptamine. Central to endogenous methylation activity is the folate cycle, which generates the primary...
European Journal of Neuroscience
May 21, 2024
Nur Damla Korkmaz, Ugur Cikrikcili, Merve Akan et al.
19 citations
Abstract Psychoactive substances obtained from botanicals have been applied for a wide variety of purposes in the rituals of different cultures for thousands of years. Classical psychedelics from N,N′‐dimethyltryptamine, psilocybin, mescaline and various lysergamides cause specific alterations in perception, emotion and cognition by acting through serotonin 5‐HT 2A receptor activation. Lysergic...