Pharmacopsychiatry
January 20, 2021
Lea J. Mertens, Katrin H. Preller
63 citations
Abstract Classical psychedelics, primarily psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), have been used and extensively studied in Western medicine as part of substance-assisted psychotherapy in the 1950s and 1960s. Modern clinical research is currently gaining momentum and provides new evidence for the safety and efficacy of classical psychedelics (primarily psilocybin, but also LSD and...
Neuroimage
January 15, 2021
Joanes Grandjean, David Buehlmann, Michaela Buerge et al.
5 citations
Hallucinogenic agents have been proposed as potent antidepressants; this includes the serotonin (5-HT) receptor 2A agonist psilocybin. In human subjects, psilocybin alters functional connectivity (FC) within the default-mode network (DMN), a constellation of inter-connected regions that displays altered FC in depressive disorders. In this study, we investigated the effects of psilocybin on FC...
Frontiers in Psychology
January 14, 2021
Nicholas K. Canby, Kristina Eichel, Jared R. Lindahl et al.
75 citations
While Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) have been shown to be effective for a range of patient populations and outcomes, a question remains as to the role of common therapeutic factors, as opposed to the specific effects of mindfulness practice, in contributing to patient improvements. This project used a mixed-method design to investigate the contribution of specific (mindfulness...
PLoS One
January 12, 2021
OBJECTIVE: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) includes a combination of focused attention (FA) and open monitoring (OM) meditation practices. The aim of this study was to assess both short- and long-term between- and within-group differences in affective disturbance among FA, OM and their combination (MBCT) in the context of a randomized controlled trial. METHOD: One hundred and four...
Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
January 12, 2021
Tianhao Gao, Rongjun Ni, Shasha Liu et al.
Ketamine, a dissociative anaesthetic, has been used in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) as a rapid acting antidepressant drug. Recent studies have shown that ketamine may increase the potential risk of treatment-induced mania in MDD patients. Lithium is a well-known mood stabilizer and has been widely used for the treatment of mania. It is not fully understood which forebrain...
PLoS Medicine
January 11, 2021
Julieta Galante, Claire Friedrich, Anna F. Dawson et al.
Background: There is an urgent need for mental health promotion in nonclinical settings. Mindfulness-based programmes (MBPs) are being widely implemented to reduce stress, but a comprehensive evidence synthesis is lacking. We reviewed trials to assess whether MBPs promote mental health relative to no intervention or comparator interventions. Methods and findings: Following a detailed...
Biological Psychiatry
January 8, 2021
Mingzheng Wu, Samuel Minkowicz, V. Dumrongprechachan et al.
96 citations
BACKGROUND Ketamine elicits rapid onset antidepressant effects in patients with clinical depression through mechanisms hypothesized to involve the genesis of neocortical dendritic spines and synapses. Yet, the observed changes in dendritic spine morphology usually emerge well after ketamine clearance, raising questions about the link between rapid behavioral effects of ketamine and plasticity....
American Journal of Psychiatry
January 5, 2021
Adriana Feder, Sara Costi, Sarah B. Rutter et al.
239 citations
OBJECTIVE Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic and disabling disorder, for which available pharmacotherapies have limited efficacy. The authors' previous proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial of single-dose intravenous ketamine infusion in individuals with PTSD showed significant and rapid PTSD symptom reduction 24 hours postinfusion. The present study is the first...
Frontiers in Neuroscience
2021
Ricardo Augusto De Melo Reis, Alinny Rosendo Isaac, Hércules Rezende Freitas et al.
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is an important brain modulatory network. ECS regulates brain homeostasis throughout development, from progenitor fate decision to neuro- and gliogenesis, synaptogenesis, brain plasticity and circuit repair, up to learning, memory, fear, protection, and death. It is a major player in the hypothalamic-peripheral system-adipose tissue in the regulation of food...
2021
Erola Pons, Axel Lindner, Julieta Galante et al.
preprint
Depersonalization/Derealization (DPDR) encompasses experiences of unreality about and detachment from oneself and the world. For example, people with DPDR may feel as if their body did not belong to them or as if they were not the “doers” of their actions. Case reports suggest that similar experiences might be associated to the practice of meditation (Castillo, 1990) but often with different...